Browsing by Author "MICHAEL, ROSE OFEM"

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    EFFECTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL EMPOWERMENT AND INDIGENOUS APPRENTICESHIP ON SUSTAINABLE PERFORMANCE OF WOMEN-OWNED SMEs IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA
    (Covenant University, Ota, 2026-07) MICHAEL, ROSE OFEM; Covenant Universirty, Dissertation
    This study examined the effects of entrepreneurial empowerment and indigenous apprenticeship on the sustainable performance of women-owned SMEs in Southwest Nigeria. It investigated how financial, educational, social, and technological empowerment influence sustainable performance, and whether indigenous apprenticeship moderates this relationship. Anchored in the Resource Based View (Barney, 1991; Penrose, 1959) and Social Learning Theory (Bandura, 1977, 1986), the study adopted a positivist, quantitative, cross-sectional design. Structured questionnaires were administered to 384 respondents across Lagos, Ogun, and Oyo States using stratified and convenience sampling. Data were analysed using PLS-SEM in SmartPLS 4 with 5,000 bootstrapping subsamples. Findings confirm that financial empowerment (β = 0.381), educational empowerment (β = 0.403), and technological empowerment (β = 0.360) each significantly predict all four sustainable performance dimensions: economic, environmental, operational, and social. Social empowerment significantly predicts three dimensions but not economic performance (p = 0.208), revealing a structural conversion failure rooted in the dominance of bonding over bridging social capital. Critically, indigenous apprenticeship significantly and negatively moderates the empowerment–performance relationship (β = −1.675, T = 4.083, p < 0.001; 95% CI [−2.312, −0.879]), with the moderation model explaining 39.7% of variance. This negative moderation is attributed to the Competing Obligations Hypothesis: the demands of indigenous apprenticeship systems for communal governance reduce the efficiency with which empowerment resources translate into sustainable performance gains. The study recommends complementing empowerment policies with institutional bridging mechanisms, digital training, and redesigned apprenticeship governance. Theoretically, it contributes the Gendered Conversion Efficiency concept as a refinement of the Resource-Based View and the Gender-Differentiated Self-Efficacy Proposition as a boundary condition for Social Learning Theory.
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    Indigenous Apprenticeship Systems as Mechanisms for Reducing Financial Inequality in Women-Owned SMEs in West Africa: A Systematic Literature Review
    (Abuja Journal of Business and Management, 4(3), 2026) Onayemi, Oluwakemi O.; MICHAEL, ROSE OFEM; Adeniji, Chinyere G.; Adesanya, Oluwatoyin Deborah; Amoo, Adebola T.
    This systematic literature review develops an integrative framework that synthesises Gender Empowerment Theory, the Resource-Based View (RBV), and Entrepreneurial Ecosystem perspectives to explain how indigenous apprenticeship systems in West Africa serve as mechanisms to reduce financial inequality in women-owned small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Following a PRISMA-compliant protocol that combines bibliometric and qualitative thematic analyses, the review synthesises 42 peer-reviewed articles retrieved from Scopus (2010–2026). Indigenous apprenticeship delivers a tripartite resource endowment—competency transfer, start-up capital, and network inscription—that formal financial and vocational institutions cannot replicate at equivalent cost, cultural legitimacy, or relational depth. However, patrilineal norms structurally bar most women from completing the full apprenticeship sequence, compounding discrimination in formal finance to produce a dual exclusion that single-domain interventions cannot resolve. Financial literacy emerges as the critical mediator between apprenticeship engagement and formal credit access, transmitted mainly through indigenous trade networks rather than formal schooling. Digital tools amplify rather than replace indigenous network capital, with the strongest empowerment effects among women who already have robust pre-existing networks. The review proposes a four-part policy architecture—gender-targeted post-apprenticeship capital grants, embedded financial-literacy modules, female master-mentorship programmes, and mobile-money linkage of graduation capital—that reforms rather than displaces indigenous institutions, advancing organisation studies by theorising informal institutions as simultaneous producers and gendered distributors of financial-inclusion outcomes.