Browsing by Author "Yakubu, Japhet Gaius"

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Application of Nanochitosan in the Detection of Pesticide Residues and Degradation
(2020) Yakubu, Japhet Gaius; Oyewole, Oluwafemi Adebayo; Ilyasu, Ummulkhair Salamah; Ayanda, Opeyemi Isaac; Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun
Chemicals called pesticides are used to manage pests like weeds, rodents, and insects. They are commonly used in agriculture to safeguard animals and crops from pests and illnesses. The usage of pesticides, however, can potentially have detrimental effects on the environment and public health. Pesticides can harm non-target creatures and contaminate the soil, water, and air. In addition, exposure to pesticides can result in a variety of medical issues in people, such as cancer, neurological conditions, and reproductive issues. Chitosan is a natural polymer formed from crab shells. Nanochitosan is chitosan in a nanoscale form. It has several distinctive qualities that make it a potential material for a variety of applications, including the detection and degradation of pesticides, such as large surface area, biocompatibility, and non-toxicity. There are numerous ways to detect pesticides using nanochitosan. Utilizing sensors made of nanochitosan is one typical strategy. Usually, nanochitosan is immobilized onto a substrate, like a gold electrode, or nanochitosan-based colorimetric assays are used to create these sensors. Because there is currently no environmentally benign method of pesticide remediation, scientists have looked for other ways to prevent pesticides from having a negative impact on the ecosystem. In order to degrade pesticides, nanochitosan has been used in a variety of ways. These include the usage of nanochitosan-based adsorbents, which are typically created by adding a functional group with a strong affinity for pesticides to nanochitosan. The pesticide is subsequently removed from the environment by the functional group after it attaches to it. Because nanochitosan can be impacted by environmental factors including pH and temperature, there are restrictions on its usage for bioremediation. Nanochitosan provides a number of benefits over other materials used for the detection and degradation of pesticides, notwithstanding its limits. As a result, it may be investigated to reduce the effects of pesticides on the environment.
Recent Advancement Toward the Application of Proteomics, Metabolomics, Genomics and Bioinformatics for the Improvement of Nanofertilizer Research
(2024-11-07) Oyewole, Oluwafemi Adebayo; Olusanya, Clement Shina; Yakubu, Japhet Gaius; Aworunse, Oluwadurotimi Samuel; Utazi, Ezugwu, Basil; Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun; Eniola, K. I. T.; Yerima, Mohammed Bello
The usage of chemical fertilizers is upsetting the ecology in addition to harming human health. Biofertilizers promote plant development by boosting the delivery of nutrients or compounds that promote plant growth. Growing in popularity in the agriculture sector of developing nations is a novel strategy called nanotechnology. Plants exposed to adverse environments respond to nanoparticle stimuli by activating a variety of defense mechanisms. Biofertilizer and nanotechnology were combined to create nanobiofertilizer, which increased agricultural output and efficiency. These fertilizers offer a number of benefits over conventional fertilization techniques and can be utilized to increase agricultural output while minimizing the harmful impacts of fertilizer on the environment. The maintenance of soil moisture and plant uptake of vital nutrients are made easier by the synergistic action of nanomaterial and microbial fertilizer. Additionally, bionanofertilizers are a lowcost solution to boost soil health, plant nutrient uptake, and growth and production. A new area of research into the production of inorganic and organic bionanoparticles as environmental fertilizers has been launched through the use of bacteria, algae, yeast, fungi, actinomycetes, and plants to biosynthesize nanomaterials. The microbes used as biological fertilizers include Azotobacter, Pseudomonas sp, Bacillus sp, and Enterobacter sp. In order for these nanobiofertilizers to be produced commercially and made available to farmers, it is necessary to research and develop more suitable ones. Nanobiofertilizer is still not widely available for purchase. And the application of proteomics, metabolomics and genomics and bioinformatics in nanobiofertilizer research can provide a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying plant microbe interaction, nutrient delivery, and crop growth promotion. This knowledge can be exploited to optimize the composition and functionality of nanobiofertilizers, resulting in nutrient use efficiency, improved crop productivity, and environmental sustainability.