Programme: Policy and Strategic Studies

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The Impact of Language in Conflict Management and Peace Building
(American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2015) Osimen Goddy U.; Aniga Ugo Samuel; Bateye Omonike Rashidat
Conflict is inevitable and part of the society. A conflict can be encountered in the home, between a husband and his wife, between parents and their children. Conflicts can also be between friends, colleagues, a teacher and his students, and even between religious leaders, politicians, traders, just mention it. Conflict is not entirely negative. The society needs conflict to advance as conflicts enable people know their rights, duties and short comings. The manner a conflict is handled is very important. Language at this juncture, plays an indispensable role in managing conflicts on one hand, and on the other hand, escalating a conflict. In other words, the paper explores language as an instrument capable of deescalating or escalating a conflict.
The Borderless-Border and Internal Security Challenges in Nigeria
(International Journal of Political Science Volume 3, Issue 3, 2017, 2017) Osimen Goddy U.; Anegbode E. John; Akande Clement. A,; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
The international border between Nigeria and her neighboring countries is roughly 4745sq.km. The major border countries with Nigeria are Cameroon (1,690 kilometers) in the east, Niger (1,497 kilometers) in the north, Benin (773 kilometers) in the west, and Chad (87 kilometers) in the north-east. Nigeria also shares maritime boundaries with Equatorial Guinea and Sao Tome and Principle. The current border corresponds to the inter-colonial border between British and French territories that was set up in 1889. Due to the fact that between these countries hardly any natural boundaries exist, in some parts its exact demarcation remains unclear. The border region includes a large surface of lagoon- and marshlands in the Ouémé valley, which have traditionally been used as transport and trade routes and which are very difficult to control and monitor by migration and customs authorities. This coupled with the challenges facing African states to manage their borders are compounded by globalization that is tearing down traditional borders through advancement in technology and transformation of international relations. At the moment crimes are committed without crossing borders and huge amounts of goods are sold through cyberspace. The problem of security as a result of these borderless-borders in Nigeria has become one of the most intractable challenges facing the country today. In recent time, the security challenges in Nigeria and its border crime are alarming, especially, the activities of the terrorist group known as ‘’Boko Haram’’ in which lives and property are no longer secure. There are many speculations that the groups may have found their way through our porous borders. Therefore, the study probes into the nature of Nigeria borders using analytical framework of assessment in the emerging trans-border crimes, the causes and sources of insecurity of lives and property in Nigeria. The paper then revealed that the major criminal activities in Nigeria borders are smuggling of contraband goods and illegal immigrants, trafficking in weapons and human parts, drug trafficking, vehicle crime, trafficking of illegally exploited natural resources, including the illicit trade in timber, oil and diamond among others. The paper then suggests that much of the conventional wisdom regarding how best to address Nigeria border crime and security is not only enacting a law but also creating proper national security awareness, involvement of new stakeholders in the security sector and strong institutional framework to checkmate the activities of trans- border crime.
Political Restructuring, Federalism and Democratic Sustainability in Nigeria
(Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development Vol.9, No.21, 2018) Osimen Goddy U.; Aghemelo Austine Thomas; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
Nigeria has undergone a long process of restructuring in terms of the number of geo-political administrative areas called states or regions constituting the country. This process is popularly referred to as “state creation”, that is the process whereby new geo-political units/constituents known as “states” in most federations are created out of existing or old ones. The outcome of this process is usually an increase in the number of states constituting the Nigerian federation. Nigeria is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world with well over 250 ethno linguistic groups, some of which are bigger than many independent states of contemporary Africa. The Nigerian federalism is a creation of the British. Before the arrival of British colonialists, the area now known as Nigeria was inhabited by peoples who belonged to different Empires, kingdoms and societies, which were traditionally administered. The arrival of British and other European explorers, merchants and religious missionaries introduced slave trade and conflicts and then consequently bringing a new system of governance that executed the organized and transparent institutions and governments that had existed before the balkanization of Africa. This suggests that the formation, evolutionary process and unification of Nigerian political and administrative systems did not represent the interest and aspirations of the natives or ethnic groups. The early pre-independence constitutional development is an example of this misrepresentation of the native consent on what type of system Nigeria will run- whether a federation, a confederation, unitary or not. After the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914, the country was more or less run as unitary colony with twenty four provinces (12 in the North and 12 in the South) until the establishment of the federal order by the Richards constitution of 1946. Thereafter, ethnic politics (otherwise known as tribalism) and regionalism have become definitive features of Nigeria federalism. The aim of this paper was therefore, to examine the origins and sequences of events on restructuring that creates the contemporary Nigerian state including the structure and features of Nigerian Federalism and it traces. The paper revealed that some of the challenges facing Nigerian federalism are; revenue sharing formula among the tiers, state creation, resource control and power sharing. This all have cumulated in placing the democratic rule in the country at a disadvantaged position. Consequently, the dividends of democracy have seized to reach the hands of the common people. It is on the bases of this some policy recommendations were made.
Contribution of Public Private Partnership to Educational Development in Nigeria
(International Journal of Research in Arts and Social Sciences Vol. 11 No.2, 2019-01) Atobatele Abolaji
This study is on the contribution of public private partnership (PPP) to education development in Nigeria. PPP is seen as a panacea to revamping educational sector that is experiencing decline in term of quality everyday due to insensitivity on the part of government to finance education to meeting up the minimum requirement benchmark put forward by the United Nation (UN). Sequel to this backdrop that the study seeks to examine the extent at which PPP has assisted in revamping the educational sector in Nigeria. However, this research adopts qualitative approach to analyze its data, the materials used in this study were garnered from the secondary sources which include Journal publications, internet, books etc. The study found out that Public Private Partnership (PPP) also known as Private Financial Initiative (PFI) has contributed to educational sector greatly. The study therefore recommends that concerted effort should be made by the government and private sectors to providing lasting solution to decline in educational sector of Nigeria.
THE OPERATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL OIL CORPORATIONS AND WOMEN’S LIVELIHOOD IN NIGERIA: CHALLENGES AND REMEDIAL MEASURES
(7th International Conference on Education and Social Sciences 20-22 January, 2020 - DUBAI, 2020-01) Ogungbade G.O; Duruji M. M.; Folarin S. F.
The Niger Delta region is rich in oil and gas resources and dominated by International Oil Corporations (IOCs) which engages in operations such as exploration, drilling, extraction of crude oil, production of crude oil products, transportation and sales of the crude oil and gas. However, these activities have led to numerous challenges faced by the women that beg for attention. This paper aims at identifying the challenges faced by the women of Ogulagha kingdom of Delta State, Nigeria caused by the operations of International Oil Corporations (IOCs) and examining the relationships that exist. The paper also proffers some remedial measures on how the impact of the operations of IOCs on the livelihood of women in Ogulagha Kingdom can be mitigated. The challenges identified were environmental degradation, pose enormous human health risk from the consumption of contaminated seafoods, loss of sources of livelihood (fishing, farming and trading) particularly among women, loss of arable lands and water pollution thereby making the water to be undrinkable and recommends that the itemized challenges be addressed to serve as a mitigation measures.
Herder-Farmer Conflicts: The Politicization of Violence and Evolving Security Measures in Nigeria
(AFRICAN SECURITY 9 Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group), 2021-03-20) Nwozor Agaptus; Olanrewaju John Shola; Oshewolo Segun; Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Adedire Solomon; Okidu Onjefu
This paper illuminates the interconnections between the Nigerian government’s failure to satisfactorily address the everrising violence linked to herder-farmer conflicts and the emergence of vigilante security measures at the geo-regional level. It also examines the overall implications of vigilante security measures vis-à-vis security challenges in Nigeria. The paper finds that the predisposition to, and adoption of vigilante security strategies is indicative of the failure of formal security apparatuses to live up to their constitutional mandates. The paper recommends preventive and inclusive policing as well as strict adherence to the tenets of justice in line with the rule of law.
THE NIGERIAN BULK ELECTRICITY TRADING COMPANY AND LIQUIDITY CRISIS IN THE ELECTRICITY INDUSTRY: AN INTERROGATION.
(Nigerian Chapter of Arabian Journal of Business and Management Review, 7(2), 2021-12-05) Idowu Samuel Sunday; Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Memud Olanrewaju Rafiu
The Nigerian electricity sector has been characterized by underperformance and reputed for inefficiency since independence. Despite government efforts to reverse this trend through liberalization and privatisation of two sections of the sector value chain - the power generation and distribution – and the establishment of NBET for the financial security of operators, liquidity crisis remains a major challenge. Hence, this article examines the role of NBET as enshrined in PSRB while the economic liberal theory was used as an anchor for analysis. Secondary data sources were explored for textual analysis for this study. The findings reveal that the non-privatisation of the TCN and NBET bulk-buyer function limits competition among operators and also weakens solvency in the industry. The paper recommends that government ownership across the sector value chain should be disembarked while NBET should be expunged and replaced with private and public sectors owned insurance company to engender financial security and the sector regulator (NERC) strengthened financially and with a required human resource to enhance its capacity for taking proactive steps amongst others.
Causes and remedial measures of presenteeism in the post Covid-19 era workplace: Insight from job demands-resources theory
(Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 35, Issue 2, 2022) Abasilim Ugochukwu D.; Adebajo Oluwatumininu O; Gberevbie Daniel E.
RETHINKING PEACE, SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
(International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science Vol. 5, No. 01, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; RUFUS AISEDION
There is growing recognition that peace and security are fundamental for socio-political and economic development of any country in the world. Yet Violent conflicts, whether social, political, or environmental, has significantly contributed to the crisis of sustainable development and security challenges in terms of loss of human and material resources. This paper has therefore, examined the nature of peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria. The study adopts a combination of theories like; the clash of civilization theory, the frustration-aggression theory, state fragility and failed state theory. Qualitative method, such as textbooks, journal articles, internet, among others was used as sources of data collection. The work was descriptively analyzed through the content of the information gathered. The paper explores various dimensions of the social, political, economic and other conditions that have over the years affected the indices for measuring peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper revealed some of the symptoms that have truncated the “God given” peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria, which includes; corruption, unemployment, Weak institutional system, structural imbalance, human trafficking, bad leadership, among others. The paper concluded with some useful policies recommendations regarding the way forward therein and most importantly, called for the need by the Nigeria government to learn from history, as attempts been made to tackle the challenges currently upsetting the attainment of sustainable peace, security and development in the country.
An Unnecessary War of Fame: The East and West NATO’s Enlargement Strategies and the Geopolitics of Russo- Ukrainian Conflict
(International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies Volume 9, Issue 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Ade-Ibijola Aderemi Opeyemi
Russian invasion of Ukraine is one of the most critical geopolitical crises the world leaders are facing currently. And is being seen as one of the most serious test of European security in the recent time, and its presents a serious challenge as to understanding of President Putin‟s geopolitical intentions while, these grievances included the long-simmering dispute over the expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the legitimacy of Ukrainian identity as well as their statehood. It reflected a worldview Putin had long expressed, emphasizing the deep-seated unity among the Eastern Slavs-Russians and Ukrainians who they both trace their origins to the medieval KyivanRus commonwealth-and suggesting that the modern states of Russia and Ukraine should share a common political destiny now and in the future. Owing to that view is the claim that distinct Ukrainian identity is the product of foreign manipulation mostly, by Russia‟s acclaimed imperial rivals; using Ukraine as part of an “anti-Russia project. Consequently, the paper revealed that NATO is not only Russia‟s problem but, Russia‟s ambitions to extend beyond preventing Ukrainian NATO membership and encompass a more detailed aspiration to dominate Ukraine politically, militarily, and economically triggered the current conflict in Ukraine. The paper further revealed that Russia is almost certain to flop in its bid to establish lasting control over its neighbors owing to external factors, mostly the West and the nonconformist nature of Ukraine government. Therefore, concludes that if Russia must feel fully secure with regard to Ukraine, Ukraine must be territorially truncated or geopolitically neutralized by Russia. Then, if neutralization is not feasible as a strategy, Russia must renewed stability, though, this option would largely depend either on the West agreeing in renewed Russian control of Ukraine, or on Russia accepting the loss of Ukraine. It is most likely that a non-cooperative result will emerge at the end of the day, in which Russia may limit its military activity, but will continue to ensure that Ukraine cannot do what is desired to achieve or join Europe-west- NATO world.
Armed Banditry and Mass School Abductions in Northern Nigeria: Implications for National Security
(Canadian Social Science Vol. 18, No. 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin
Security threats in Nigeria, due to activities of armed bandits/extremist such as kidnapping school children for ransom is one of the major prevalent insecurity issues that threaten to collapse government structures in the country. Nigeria is currently groaning under the yoke of the jihadist/Islamic movement, secessionist’s movement and all manners of criminalities. The recent spate of abductions and mass kidnapping of school children represents one of the existential threats to the future of education in northern Nigeria. The problems have provoked serious concerns across the nation, has called for urgent and holistic resolution. It has continued to be precarious, volatile and highly unpredictable, therefore creating untold fear on the people in the region; exacerbate the close down of many schools, food crisis situation, sexual molestation/slavery, and increasing wave of Internally Displaced Persons. Government’s response to the challenges has generally been ineffectual, uncoordinated and poorly executed. This paper, therefore, examines the mainstream of armed banditry, hostage taking/kidnapping in northern schools and their security threats to Nigeria. This paper anchored on “Failed state theory” and data were sourced through secondary means and analyzed qualitatively. The paper revealed that lack of education, mass illiteracy and lack of employment opportunities are among the root causes of the criminalities, banditry, and terrorism in northern Nigeria. Hence, government cannot be passive about this security challenge. It is obviously clear that government has failed in her duty to provide basic needs and has also failed to defend and protect her people. Therefore, government should address the root causes of insecurity in the northern Nigeria including overhauling the security architecture system among other policies geared towards eliminating structural imbalance in the region.
Information Communication Technology and Employees’ Job Satisfaction: A Critical Interrogation
(African RenaissanceVol. 2022, No. si1 (Adonis & Abbey Publishers), 2022-04) Akinlade Mojisola E.; Gberevbie Daniel E.
Scholars and practitioners of personnel management have in recent times become interested in the factors that enhance job satisfaction in organisations. This is born out of the fact that an employee’s satisfaction with their job is significant to the success of any organisation. Job satisfaction is critical to an employee’s motivation, performance, and organisational productivity. A crucial factor for global influence in the last two decades is the information revolution. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has altered the spheres of life and organisations across the world. Studies have shown that ICTs can enhance administrative efficiency and operational performance of organisations, high productivity. However, regardless of this widespread great relevance of ICT, there is still limited knowledge about the impacts that it has on employees and job satisfaction. Study results indicate that ICT positively impacts job satisfaction, but when directly or indirectly misused, job dissatisfaction sets in. With this, ICT implication for job satisfaction requires further investigation. This study, therefore, aims at interrogating the impacts of ICT on job satisfaction. Data obtained from relevant journals, books, internet resources, seminars and conference papers were systematically reviewed and analysed.
Economic and Financial Crimes Commission and Political Corruption in Nigeria (2007 - 2015)
(International Journal of Academic Multidisciplinary Research Vol. 6 Issue 10, 2022-10) Osuchukwu, Nkechi Cynthia; Nwumeh, Uchenna Juliana; Okonkwo, Juliet Ogonna; Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike
Corruption today is still a deadly disease in Nigeria, as it is responsible for the collapse of social, economic and political sectors in Nigerian, as many Nigerians are yet to be free from it. Prior to this problem, the study assesses Economic and Financial Crimes Commission and Political Corruption in Nigeria from 2007 to 2015. The study adopted Structural-Functional theory as it was further developed by Gabriel Almond and Powell in 1966. Qualitative descriptive method of data analysis was adopted. Secondary sources of data collection were adopted. The study finds out that, corruption is multifaceted in Nigeria which has created a lot of negative impact and has hindered development process in the country. The study therefore, recommends amongst others that EFCC and other anti-corruption agencies should be empowered and granted absolute autonomy to handle cases relating to economic and political corruption i.e. EFCC should be given a free hand in the discharge of its duties by not interfering in its duties, there should also be comprehensive administrative reform and good governance, including public accountability, to guarantee that people are held accountable for their actions as a deterrent to corrupt activities, among other things.
Nigeria's Quest for a Permanent Seat at the United Nation Security Council: A Giant Dwarfed of Domestic Challenges
(Migration Letters Volume: 21, No: 3,, 2023) Osimen Goddy U.; Obiyan Sat A.; Ayankoya Abimbola Rachel; Essien Nick Peter
Commercialisation Of Public Enterprises In Nigeria: A Study Of The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (Nnpc)
(Journal of Namibian Studies, 37, 2023) Okeke Ngozi Okwuchukwu; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Udom Adaeze Charlyn
The National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), has been known for its poor leadership and unprofitability for the past 47 years. This has been attributed to the government’s inability to repair the existing refineries, along with oil theft and pipeline vandalism which continue to hinder the petroleum revenue performance and oblige the country to import most of its refined products. This necessitated the commercialisation of NNPC. This study analysed the provisions of the PIA, which formed the basis for the commercialisation of NNPC. It also examined if the commercialisation of NNPC would boost the Nigerian economy. This study aims to ascertain the preparedness of diverse stakeholders in the country to accept the recent transition of NNPC from being a public entity to a commercialized enterprise. The Liberal and Public Choice theories were adopted. It also adopted a mixed method of data collection and utilized both the explanatory and descriptive survey research design. The findings revealed that the commercialisation policy itself is not a terrible notion, but the issue is more with its implementation. Finally, it recommended that the policy should be judiciously implemented in line with the provisions of the PIA in order to have practical effects on the country's economic independence.
Principles, Objectives, And Socio-Political Realities Of Nigeria’s Foreign Policy, 2019-2023
(Journal of Namibian Studies,, 2023) Gberevbie Daniel E.; Udom Adaeze Charlyn; Ayankoya Abimbola Rachel; Okeke Ngozi Okwuchukwu; Osimen Goddy U.
The goal of developing a country's foreign policy is to advance and safeguard the country's national objectives. Therefore, the essence of this study is to analyse the principles of Nigeria’s foreign policy in the context of the country’s present socio-political realities. The study engaged secondary data, while the theory of Manifest Destiny was adopted. Findings revealed that Nigeria has not reaped the rewards of all its sacrifices and dedication to the African course. This study recommends that there should be a reconstruction of Nigeria’s foreign policy based on its current realities of tribal sectioning and religious interest by pursuing a foreign policy that is centred on the country and her citizens as a united entity.
ZAMFARA JOURNAL OF POLITICES AND DEVELOPMENT
(Cameroon, Defence, Policy, Nigeria,, 2023) RUFUS AISEDION; Osimen Goddy U.
good attempt has been made in the study which covers a comparative study of Nigeria and Cameroon’s defence policies. In carrying out this task, three fundamental objectives were set out, that examined comparatively the force posture, decision making and weapon acquisition of Nigeria and Cameroon. In course of the study, secondary materials were used, sourced from textbooks, journals, and the internet, among others. The paper concluded that the two countries lack the capability to advance the required formidable force posture, that their inability to maintain unwavering decision-making is observable, and finally the acquisition and maintenance of sophisticated weapons required for enforcing effective defence policy is weak in both countries. Also, the two countries do not possess sufficient military posture, credibility, capabilities, human resources, and military infrastructure to execute the task of defending the nation, among others. The findings revealed that Nigeria and Cameroon’s defence policy share similar weaknesses in term of force posture, decision-making, maintenance of modern weapons for military credibility and capability, among others. The paper therefore recommended that a collaborative functional effort should be made with technological advanced countries, industrial sector, research institutions, among others to reposition their force posture, develop full strength decisionmaking and maintain effective weapons to wield power both at the domestic and international levels, also both countries should concentrate in areas of national development such as agriculture and socioeconomic empowerment that would be transformed into military strength of both countries.
Cyberbullying and Social Media
(Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu Kennedy
Through the use of Internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries together. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrimes is cyberbullying (online abuse), which manifests itself in various forms such as pranking, impersonation, hacking, fake news, among others. The negative impacts of cyberbullying on African digital space and Africa at large are disheartening, and the possibility of dealing with this monstrous online crime in Africa has not yielded much positive results due to insufficient technological infrastructures, personnel, and knowledge. Cyberbullies use social media to enhance their nefarious activities, reaching out to their gullible victims with ease. As such, our lead questions are as follows: How is cyberbullying perpetuated in African digital space? What impact does cyberbullying have on Afrocentric society? How best can cyberbullying be dealt with in African digital space? In this chapter, we critically examine cyberbullying and social media in light of African digital space, the communication means adopted by cyberbullies and their implications for African digital space and Africa at large. We, therefore, argue for artificial intelligence knowledge production and application as a potential solution to combating cyberbullying in African digital space
LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL SERVICE PROVISION IN NIGERIA
(Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies (SGOJAHDS), Vol.5 No.1, 2023-03) Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; ONABANJO LEKE KAYODE
The Geneva Convention on Laws of War and the Sudan Armed Conflict
(International Journal of Social Service and Research Vol. 03, No. 07, 2023-06) Osimen Goddy U.; DELE-DADA MOYOSOLUWA PRISCILIA