Programme: Policy and Strategic Studies

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An Unnecessary War of Fame: The East and West NATO’s Enlargement Strategies and the Geopolitics of Russo- Ukrainian Conflict
(International Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Studies Volume 9, Issue 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Ade-Ibijola Aderemi Opeyemi
Russian invasion of Ukraine is one of the most critical geopolitical crises the world leaders are facing currently. And is being seen as one of the most serious test of European security in the recent time, and its presents a serious challenge as to understanding of President Putin‟s geopolitical intentions while, these grievances included the long-simmering dispute over the expansion of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the legitimacy of Ukrainian identity as well as their statehood. It reflected a worldview Putin had long expressed, emphasizing the deep-seated unity among the Eastern Slavs-Russians and Ukrainians who they both trace their origins to the medieval KyivanRus commonwealth-and suggesting that the modern states of Russia and Ukraine should share a common political destiny now and in the future. Owing to that view is the claim that distinct Ukrainian identity is the product of foreign manipulation mostly, by Russia‟s acclaimed imperial rivals; using Ukraine as part of an “anti-Russia project. Consequently, the paper revealed that NATO is not only Russia‟s problem but, Russia‟s ambitions to extend beyond preventing Ukrainian NATO membership and encompass a more detailed aspiration to dominate Ukraine politically, militarily, and economically triggered the current conflict in Ukraine. The paper further revealed that Russia is almost certain to flop in its bid to establish lasting control over its neighbors owing to external factors, mostly the West and the nonconformist nature of Ukraine government. Therefore, concludes that if Russia must feel fully secure with regard to Ukraine, Ukraine must be territorially truncated or geopolitically neutralized by Russia. Then, if neutralization is not feasible as a strategy, Russia must renewed stability, though, this option would largely depend either on the West agreeing in renewed Russian control of Ukraine, or on Russia accepting the loss of Ukraine. It is most likely that a non-cooperative result will emerge at the end of the day, in which Russia may limit its military activity, but will continue to ensure that Ukraine cannot do what is desired to achieve or join Europe-west- NATO world.
Armed Banditry and Mass School Abductions in Northern Nigeria: Implications for National Security
(Canadian Social Science Vol. 18, No. 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin
Security threats in Nigeria, due to activities of armed bandits/extremist such as kidnapping school children for ransom is one of the major prevalent insecurity issues that threaten to collapse government structures in the country. Nigeria is currently groaning under the yoke of the jihadist/Islamic movement, secessionist’s movement and all manners of criminalities. The recent spate of abductions and mass kidnapping of school children represents one of the existential threats to the future of education in northern Nigeria. The problems have provoked serious concerns across the nation, has called for urgent and holistic resolution. It has continued to be precarious, volatile and highly unpredictable, therefore creating untold fear on the people in the region; exacerbate the close down of many schools, food crisis situation, sexual molestation/slavery, and increasing wave of Internally Displaced Persons. Government’s response to the challenges has generally been ineffectual, uncoordinated and poorly executed. This paper, therefore, examines the mainstream of armed banditry, hostage taking/kidnapping in northern schools and their security threats to Nigeria. This paper anchored on “Failed state theory” and data were sourced through secondary means and analyzed qualitatively. The paper revealed that lack of education, mass illiteracy and lack of employment opportunities are among the root causes of the criminalities, banditry, and terrorism in northern Nigeria. Hence, government cannot be passive about this security challenge. It is obviously clear that government has failed in her duty to provide basic needs and has also failed to defend and protect her people. Therefore, government should address the root causes of insecurity in the northern Nigeria including overhauling the security architecture system among other policies geared towards eliminating structural imbalance in the region.
Causes and remedial measures of presenteeism in the post Covid-19 era workplace: Insight from job demands-resources theory
(Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik Vol. 35, Issue 2, 2022) Abasilim Ugochukwu D.; Adebajo Oluwatumininu O; Gberevbie Daniel E.
Commercialisation Of Public Enterprises In Nigeria: A Study Of The Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation (Nnpc)
(Journal of Namibian Studies, 37, 2023) Okeke Ngozi Okwuchukwu; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Udom Adaeze Charlyn
The National Petroleum Corporation (NNPC), has been known for its poor leadership and unprofitability for the past 47 years. This has been attributed to the government’s inability to repair the existing refineries, along with oil theft and pipeline vandalism which continue to hinder the petroleum revenue performance and oblige the country to import most of its refined products. This necessitated the commercialisation of NNPC. This study analysed the provisions of the PIA, which formed the basis for the commercialisation of NNPC. It also examined if the commercialisation of NNPC would boost the Nigerian economy. This study aims to ascertain the preparedness of diverse stakeholders in the country to accept the recent transition of NNPC from being a public entity to a commercialized enterprise. The Liberal and Public Choice theories were adopted. It also adopted a mixed method of data collection and utilized both the explanatory and descriptive survey research design. The findings revealed that the commercialisation policy itself is not a terrible notion, but the issue is more with its implementation. Finally, it recommended that the policy should be judiciously implemented in line with the provisions of the PIA in order to have practical effects on the country's economic independence.
Curtailing structural violence in Nigeria: the legislature and poverty alleviation in the fourth republic
(The Journal of Legislative Studies, 2024-08-26) Oni Samuel; DELE-DADA MOYOSOLUWA PRISCILIA; Gberevbie Daniel E.
The pivot of the legislature in addressing structural violence in a democratic polity is its responsibility of enacting legislation for good governance, representing citizens’ interests in the public policy formulation process and performing oversight functions for equitable distribution and access to public goods and services. In Nigeria, the elimination of poverty has remained a major focus of every successive government, however, more than half of its populace still live in poverty and continue to battle with challenges emanating from inequality in societal structures. This study applies a systematic literature review to gather data and analyse the legislature’s impact on poverty alleviation in Nigeria’s fourth republic. The study reveals the extent of the capacity of the Nigerian legislative institutions to push for the development of the nation the socio-political dynamic of the country impeding legislative oversight of the implementation of government policies and programmes and the implication of accountable and transparent governance in the country.
Cyberbullying and Social Media
(Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu Kennedy
Through the use of Internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries together. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrimes is cyberbullying (online abuse), which manifests itself in various forms such as pranking, impersonation, hacking, fake news, among others. The negative impacts of cyberbullying on African digital space and Africa at large are disheartening, and the possibility of dealing with this monstrous online crime in Africa has not yielded much positive results due to insufficient technological infrastructures, personnel, and knowledge. Cyberbullies use social media to enhance their nefarious activities, reaching out to their gullible victims with ease. As such, our lead questions are as follows: How is cyberbullying perpetuated in African digital space? What impact does cyberbullying have on Afrocentric society? How best can cyberbullying be dealt with in African digital space? In this chapter, we critically examine cyberbullying and social media in light of African digital space, the communication means adopted by cyberbullies and their implications for African digital space and Africa at large. We, therefore, argue for artificial intelligence knowledge production and application as a potential solution to combating cyberbullying in African digital space
Herder-Farmer Conflicts: The Politicization of Violence and Evolving Security Measures in Nigeria
(AFRICAN SECURITY 9 Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group), 2021-03-20) Nwozor Agaptus; Olanrewaju John Shola; Oshewolo Segun; Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Adedire Solomon; Okidu Onjefu
This paper illuminates the interconnections between the Nigerian government’s failure to satisfactorily address the everrising violence linked to herder-farmer conflicts and the emergence of vigilante security measures at the geo-regional level. It also examines the overall implications of vigilante security measures vis-à-vis security challenges in Nigeria. The paper finds that the predisposition to, and adoption of vigilante security strategies is indicative of the failure of formal security apparatuses to live up to their constitutional mandates. The paper recommends preventive and inclusive policing as well as strict adherence to the tenets of justice in line with the rule of law.
Impacts of Cyber Crimes on the Image of Nigeria in the International Community: A Case of the Perceptions of Ghanaians
(Journal of African Films & Diaspora StudiesVol. 7, No. 4, 2024-12-01) Apeloko O. D.; Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Atobatele Abolaji; Chiamaka Chidiebere Sussan
The study examined cybercrime and the image of Nigeria in the international community, especially the perception of Ghanaians. Cybercrime is becoming rampant in the language of scholars and agencies in the international community, and this can affect the image of Nigeria and other international communities. The objective of this study is to determine the impact of cyber terrorism on the perception of Ghanaians on Nigeria’s image, investigate the impact of cyberbullying on the perception of Ghanaians on Nigeria’s image, and examine the impact of spam on the perception of Ghanaians on Nigeria’s image. This research is necessary because of the realisation that if Nigeria does not pay attention to the growth of cybercriminal activities in the country, its image in the international community can be affected in areas of socio-economic relations, such as trading. The time frame for this research is from 2019 to 2022. The research design adopted for this research is inferential. The data obtained were analysed through theordinal regression in which the data analed were reflected in the research objectives. The findings of this study show that there is fairly a significant impact between cybercrime and the image of Nigeria. The study suggests that the government should work on tackling the challenges faced by law enforcement agencies to combat cybercrime and create an enabling environment for the business to thrive, as this will discourage most Nigerians from committing cybercrimes.
Information Communication Technology and Employees’ Job Satisfaction: A Critical Interrogation
(African RenaissanceVol. 2022, No. si1 (Adonis & Abbey Publishers), 2022-04) Akinlade Mojisola E.; Gberevbie Daniel E.
Scholars and practitioners of personnel management have in recent times become interested in the factors that enhance job satisfaction in organisations. This is born out of the fact that an employee’s satisfaction with their job is significant to the success of any organisation. Job satisfaction is critical to an employee’s motivation, performance, and organisational productivity. A crucial factor for global influence in the last two decades is the information revolution. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has altered the spheres of life and organisations across the world. Studies have shown that ICTs can enhance administrative efficiency and operational performance of organisations, high productivity. However, regardless of this widespread great relevance of ICT, there is still limited knowledge about the impacts that it has on employees and job satisfaction. Study results indicate that ICT positively impacts job satisfaction, but when directly or indirectly misused, job dissatisfaction sets in. With this, ICT implication for job satisfaction requires further investigation. This study, therefore, aims at interrogating the impacts of ICT on job satisfaction. Data obtained from relevant journals, books, internet resources, seminars and conference papers were systematically reviewed and analysed.
LEADERSHIP DEVELOPMENT AS THE KEY ANCHOR FOR POST-COVID-19 PANDEMIC, STATE RESILIENCE AND SUSTENANCE IN AFRICA: A STUDY OF NIGERIAN HEALTH SYSTEM EXPERIENCE AND SUPPORT FOR SDG 3
(Journal of Lifestyle & SDG's Review, 2024-12) Eneanya Augustine Nduka; Bello Moruf Ayodele; Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Fasanmade Olopade Olufemi; Chukwudi Ekene Celestina
Objective: The study aimed to interrogate how leadership and state capacities were developed to manage the COVID-19 pandemic and sustain state resilience for future emergencies. Theoretical Framework: The 1977 Institutional Theory of Meyer and Rowan is chosen for the underpinnings of this study. Methodology: The study adopted secondary sources of data collection and analysis. The secondary sources include Journals, books, newspapers, and the Nigeria Centre for Disease and Control. The thematic analysis technique was adopted to elicit concepts, coded into categories. The categories were later pattern-matched to generate themes adopted to answer the research questions. Results: The study showed that leadership and state capacities for resilience can be developed, managed, and sustained for future crises or emergencies. Discussion: Leadership development in the post covid era in states and different governments will undoubtedly contribute to goal 3 (SDG 3) of the 20230 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) Agenda. This goal 3 emphasised good health and wellbeing. Research Implications: Policymakers will gain more information on policymaking during post-covid in society. Originality/Values: Africa and generally developing countries were worst hit during Covid-19 and should embrace all efforts toward leadership development of post Covid-19.
LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL SERVICE PROVISION IN NIGERIA
(Sapientia Global Journal of Arts, Humanities and Development Studies (SGOJAHDS), Vol.5 No.1, 2023-03) Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; ONABANJO LEKE KAYODE
Manufacturing, Consumption, and the Recycling of Nature-Resistant Materials and Environmental Sustainability of Lagos, Nigeria
(Informal Manufacturing and Environmental Sustainability, 2024-12-02) Duruji M. M.; Asagba Omolola Silva
The chapter's scope focuses on examining the manufacturing and consumption practices of plastic-related materials, which are nature-resistant and do not decompose quickly, and the efforts of formal institutions to encourage the recycling of these materials for the environmental sustainability of the metropolis. The chapter examined how effective recycling policies have been in enabling the reuse of plastics and related materials and their effects on the environment. This chapter uses the green theory as a theoretical approach to explain the relationship between man and the environment. The chapter employed a qualitative approach to research with reliance on secondary sources of data. This chapter's findings revealed that while policies are geared towards improving the recycling culture in Lagos, Nigeria, those policies needed to be adequately enacted by the government with the appropriate structure to enable them to achieve the stated objectives, thus rendering them ineffective. In this chapter, recommendation centers, amongst others, that the government of Lagos state, Nigeria, should adopt extended producer responsibility (EPR) to hold manufacturers and importers accountable for the product's life cycle and invest in quality public–private partnerships (PPPs) in recycling to ensure environmental sustainability of the metropolis.
Military Deployment and Election Conduct in Nigeria
(Home African RenaissanceVol. 21, No. 3, 2024-09) Aliyu Musilimu Kolawole; Bello Moruf Ayodele; Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike
The way elections were conducted in Nigeria before the return of civil government on May 29, 1999, was a civil affair. The country's custom of involving the military in political processes began with the June 21, 2014, Ekiti State gubernatorial election, held under former President Goodluck Jonathan. This study uses secondary data to give an overview of the present argument in light of the controversy the topic has produced. The study also interrogates the circumstances that led to the deployment of the armed forces in the conduct of elections in the country and finds out the propriety or otherwise of the action under a democratic rule considering the constitutional roles of the military. The study equally discusses the expected professional conduct of the military in the electoral processes and the handling of security matters between the Election Management Body and security agents, and finally discusses the conduct of soldiers and matters arising concerning the 2027 general elections. These were prepared to prepare the military to actively participate professionally in the next elections in Nigeria.
Navigating the Dark Side of Leadership: Insights from Nigeria's Public Sector
(The Dark Side of Leadership: A Cross-Cultural Compendium (ImprintProductivity Press), 2025) Folarin Sheriff F.; Abasilim Ugochukwu D.; Jalal Mostafa M.
It is established that dark leadership impairs organisational integrity, erodes public trust, and diminishes operational effectiveness. The chapter reviews the endemic problem of dark leadership in the public sector, its manifestations, consequences, and lessons for leaders. Identifiable practices of public institutions are leveraged to discuss the negative implications of unethical attributions on organisational functioning. It identifies upholding ethical standards, fostering transparency, and ensuring robust accountability as mitigation measures against the risk of unethical behaviour. The chapter advocates a culture of integrity, continuous ethics and compliance training, protection for whistleblowers, and optimal internal controls are essential in sustaining ethical leadership. The insights provided are notable for a cross-section of leaders to achieve effective governance and resilient institutions.
Political Leadership and Humanitarian Crisis: The Aftermath of Rwanda Conflict and the Challenges of Democratic Sustainability in Africa
(Journal of Somali Studies : Research on Somalia and the Greater Horn of African CountriesVol. 12, No. 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Udoh Oluwakemi D.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Odukoya Jonathan Adedayo; Chidozie Felix C.
Political leadership and humanitarian crises have had a huge impact on the democratic sustainability of many African states since gaining independence from their colonial masters in the 1960s. Political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability are strongly interconnected as the quality of leadership during a crisis can either strengthen or weaken democratic systems. Good leadership prevents crisis, while bad leadership leads to anarchy, thereby endangering democratic principles and processes. The ideas of political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability unfold in the case of the Rwandan conflict and its aftermath, thereby making the country a case study for the rest of the world. This is well described using the Political Leadership theory in this study. The objectives of the study are to: (i) examine the Rwandan conflict/genocide and Rwanda’s political sphere between 1998 and 2022; (ii) interrogate the role of leadership in the recovery of Rwandans from the humanitarian crisis they faced; (iii) highlight the policies and structural changes made by the government of Rwanda, particularly the reconciliatory and peacebuilding mechanisms initiated in the aftermath of the Conflict; and (iv) examine how political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability have contributed to the current state of affairs in the continent of Africa. Thus, the study adopted a qualitative case study design to evaluate political leadership, humanitarian crises, and the challenges of democratic sustainability in the context of post-genocide Rwanda. The study revealed, among others, that Rwanda’s leadership overcame the humanitarian crisis via leadership quality, indicating that strong institutions, effective leadership, and the rule of law are key to sustaining democracy in African states.
Political Restructuring, Federalism and Democratic Sustainability in Nigeria
(Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development Vol.9, No.21, 2018) Osimen Goddy U.; Aghemelo Austine Thomas; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
Nigeria has undergone a long process of restructuring in terms of the number of geo-political administrative areas called states or regions constituting the country. This process is popularly referred to as “state creation”, that is the process whereby new geo-political units/constituents known as “states” in most federations are created out of existing or old ones. The outcome of this process is usually an increase in the number of states constituting the Nigerian federation. Nigeria is one of the most ethnically diverse countries in the world with well over 250 ethno linguistic groups, some of which are bigger than many independent states of contemporary Africa. The Nigerian federalism is a creation of the British. Before the arrival of British colonialists, the area now known as Nigeria was inhabited by peoples who belonged to different Empires, kingdoms and societies, which were traditionally administered. The arrival of British and other European explorers, merchants and religious missionaries introduced slave trade and conflicts and then consequently bringing a new system of governance that executed the organized and transparent institutions and governments that had existed before the balkanization of Africa. This suggests that the formation, evolutionary process and unification of Nigerian political and administrative systems did not represent the interest and aspirations of the natives or ethnic groups. The early pre-independence constitutional development is an example of this misrepresentation of the native consent on what type of system Nigeria will run- whether a federation, a confederation, unitary or not. After the amalgamation of the Northern and Southern protectorates of Nigeria in 1914, the country was more or less run as unitary colony with twenty four provinces (12 in the North and 12 in the South) until the establishment of the federal order by the Richards constitution of 1946. Thereafter, ethnic politics (otherwise known as tribalism) and regionalism have become definitive features of Nigeria federalism. The aim of this paper was therefore, to examine the origins and sequences of events on restructuring that creates the contemporary Nigerian state including the structure and features of Nigerian Federalism and it traces. The paper revealed that some of the challenges facing Nigerian federalism are; revenue sharing formula among the tiers, state creation, resource control and power sharing. This all have cumulated in placing the democratic rule in the country at a disadvantaged position. Consequently, the dividends of democracy have seized to reach the hands of the common people. It is on the bases of this some policy recommendations were made.
Principles, Objectives, And Socio-Political Realities Of Nigeria’s Foreign Policy, 2019-2023
(Journal of Namibian Studies,, 2023) Gberevbie Daniel E.; Udom Adaeze Charlyn; Ayankoya Abimbola Rachel; Okeke Ngozi Okwuchukwu; Osimen Goddy U.
The goal of developing a country's foreign policy is to advance and safeguard the country's national objectives. Therefore, the essence of this study is to analyse the principles of Nigeria’s foreign policy in the context of the country’s present socio-political realities. The study engaged secondary data, while the theory of Manifest Destiny was adopted. Findings revealed that Nigeria has not reaped the rewards of all its sacrifices and dedication to the African course. This study recommends that there should be a reconstruction of Nigeria’s foreign policy based on its current realities of tribal sectioning and religious interest by pursuing a foreign policy that is centred on the country and her citizens as a united entity.
Reconstructing culture and building societal values in the global era: The imperative of mother-tongue in elementary schools curriculum in Africa
(Research Journal in Advanced Humanities Volume 6, Issue 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Ehibor Oremire Judith; Daudu Basil Osayin; Alofun Grace Olufolake
Every tribe has a unique culture of which language is a distinctive feature. The relationship between language and culture is fundamental, as a native language provides access to understanding a community’s way of life. Language is a key connector for people, regardless of status or background, and an essential part of cultural identity. In Africa, indigenous languages, or mother tongues, play a crucial role in preserving culture, fostering social engagement, upholding societal values, and promoting national unity. However, colonial influence has led to the adoption of foreign languages like English and French as official languages in many African countries, overshadowing native languages. This shift has caused African youths, particularly in Anglophone and Francophone countries, to lose interest in their native languages, preferring foreign languages and Western lifestyles instead. This trend is exacerbated in schools, where English or French is the primary mode of communication. Adopting a critical analysis, the paper laid much emphasis on reconstructing culture and building societal values in the global era. Findings reveal that language and culture are correlated, and the African continent is faced with the problem of code-switching or mixing of languages. The paper, therefore, advocates for the inclusion of mother tongues in elementary school curricula to address the decline in interest in native languages and the rising issue of code-switching or mixing of languages.
Sit-Tight Governance and the Question of Democratic Sustainability in Africa
(Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences (2024), 22(2), 2024) Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Olu-Owolabi Fadeke Esther; Oladipo Temidayo David
Democracy is regarded as the best form of government for promoting development, but African leaders have distorted its implementation. This paper examines the trend of sit-tight government in Africa against this backdrop. The paper investigates the trend of post-independence African political leaders. African post-independence politics has been dominated by sit-tight leaders who came to power through election or coup d’e tat. The paper also investigates the mechanisms used by African sit-tight leaders to extend their office tenure. Coups appear to be the most common method of consolidating power. An attempted coup has occurred in 46 of 54 African countries. African has the most attempted and successful coups, with 214 attempted and 106 successful. Other methods they employ include constitutional suspension and amendment; godfathers also play an important role in the politics of some African countries. The trend of sit-tight governments can be reversed if international organizations such as the AU, ECOWAS, and the UN sanction African dictators and through revival of democratic consciousness among the citizenry.
Social Media Application within Organisational Productivity in a Democratic Setting: Evidence from the Public Sector in Nigeria
(Journal of African Films & Diaspora Studies Vol. 7, No. 2, 2024-06-01) Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Bello Moruf Ayodele; Apeloko O. D.; Olawunmi Kunle
In a democratic setting, the participation of people within an organisation is enlarged by the application of social media. This application has become necessary since it strengthens organisations and members’ participation and communication toward productivity and development. This study is to unravel how organisational productivity is being affected by social media in a democratic setting. The study also investigates various challenges that may face the application of social media within organisations. The qualitative method of study is adopted in the analysis of this study. It involves the use of primary and secondary sources obtained from books and journals, newspapers, and internet sources. An in-depth interview was also conducted with key informants who knew the subject matter. The paper concludes that social media plays a significant role in organisational productivity in a democratic setting, despite some challenges such as misinformation, and misinterpretation in the organisational arena. To ensure democracy's success, organisations should implement close monitoring of social media and the protection of people's rights.