Programme: Policy and Strategic Studies
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Item Sustainable development goals implementation in a postcolonial African State: Any future for the African Continental Free Trade Area?(Sustainable Development, 2024-04-07) Chidozie Felix C.; Osimen Goddy U.; bhadmus Joy; Newo OluwamurewaThis paper examined the prospect of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement in the context of the SDGs. It took its bearing from the contemporary structure of most African states, arguing that the reality of the continent's postcolonial condition could impede the implementation of the AfCFTA. Its refrain is that studies on how Nigeria and South Africa, as regional powers, have used their economic and political influence to advance the SDGs' implementation throughout Africa, using different South–South development frameworks are few. In other words, the institutionalization of a strategic collaboration agenda through a Nigeria-South Africa-coordinated African response to the new powers, in the area of timely implementation of the SDGs is lacking. This study affirms that for the AfCFTA to be successful, it is incumbent on the regional hegemons to build a suitable institutional framework and governance structure that upholds the rule of law and encourages harmonization, consistency, and predictability.Item Boko Haram insurgency: Tactics and evolving operational strategies in Northern Nigeria(Research Journal in Advanced Humanities, 2024-10-29) Chidozie Felix C.; Chukwudi Ekene Celestina; Aje Oluwatobi; Osimen Goddy U.Boko Haram, which translates from Hausa to mean ‘Western Education is forbidden,’ has ignominiously attracted negative attention and publicity from many quarters in Nigeria and the international community at large. Indeed, the organisation is arguably one of the significant security concerns confronting the Nigerian State. This has undoubtedly created an atmosphere of fear and terror, especially among Nigerians in the North. Generally, their activities threaten the very fabric of the country’s unity, prosperity, and stability. The paper is a desk study, drawing heavily from secondary sources of data and analysing it using the thematic method. It examines the evolution, operational, and tactical transformation of Boko Haram from a small, localised group into a violent Islamic insurgent group with better coordination and sophistication. Findings show that the strategic and tactical flexibility of the group’s operations is peculiar to all asymmetrical warfare. It, therefore, recommends that the Nigerian government intensify its counter-insurgency war while also exploring the option of expanding the counter-insurgency war beyond the military option to include addressing the socio-economic realities in Northern Nigeria, such as unemployment, poverty, and illiteracy.Item RETHINKING PEACE, SECURITY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA(International Journal of Education Humanities and Social Science Vol. 5, No. 01, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; RUFUS AISEDIONThere is growing recognition that peace and security are fundamental for socio-political and economic development of any country in the world. Yet Violent conflicts, whether social, political, or environmental, has significantly contributed to the crisis of sustainable development and security challenges in terms of loss of human and material resources. This paper has therefore, examined the nature of peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria. The study adopts a combination of theories like; the clash of civilization theory, the frustration-aggression theory, state fragility and failed state theory. Qualitative method, such as textbooks, journal articles, internet, among others was used as sources of data collection. The work was descriptively analyzed through the content of the information gathered. The paper explores various dimensions of the social, political, economic and other conditions that have over the years affected the indices for measuring peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria. Consequently, the paper revealed some of the symptoms that have truncated the “God given” peace, security and sustainable development in Nigeria, which includes; corruption, unemployment, Weak institutional system, structural imbalance, human trafficking, bad leadership, among others. The paper concluded with some useful policies recommendations regarding the way forward therein and most importantly, called for the need by the Nigeria government to learn from history, as attempts been made to tackle the challenges currently upsetting the attainment of sustainable peace, security and development in the country.Item Nigeria's Quest for a Permanent Seat at the United Nation Security Council: A Giant Dwarfed of Domestic Challenges(Migration Letters Volume: 21, No: 3,, 2023) Osimen Goddy U.; Obiyan Sat A.; Ayankoya Abimbola Rachel; Essien Nick PeterItem The Impact of Language in Conflict Management and Peace Building(American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2015) Osimen Goddy U.; Aniga Ugo Samuel; Bateye Omonike RashidatConflict is inevitable and part of the society. A conflict can be encountered in the home, between a husband and his wife, between parents and their children. Conflicts can also be between friends, colleagues, a teacher and his students, and even between religious leaders, politicians, traders, just mention it. Conflict is not entirely negative. The society needs conflict to advance as conflicts enable people know their rights, duties and short comings. The manner a conflict is handled is very important. Language at this juncture, plays an indispensable role in managing conflicts on one hand, and on the other hand, escalating a conflict. In other words, the paper explores language as an instrument capable of deescalating or escalating a conflict.Item The Borderless-Border and Internal Security Challenges in Nigeria(International Journal of Political Science Volume 3, Issue 3, 2017, 2017) Osimen Goddy U.; Anegbode E. John; Akande Clement. A,; Oyewole Oyindamola O.The international border between Nigeria and her neighboring countries is roughly 4745sq.km. The major border countries with Nigeria are Cameroon (1,690 kilometers) in the east, Niger (1,497 kilometers) in the north, Benin (773 kilometers) in the west, and Chad (87 kilometers) in the north-east. Nigeria also shares maritime boundaries with Equatorial Guinea and Sao Tome and Principle. The current border corresponds to the inter-colonial border between British and French territories that was set up in 1889. Due to the fact that between these countries hardly any natural boundaries exist, in some parts its exact demarcation remains unclear. The border region includes a large surface of lagoon- and marshlands in the Ouémé valley, which have traditionally been used as transport and trade routes and which are very difficult to control and monitor by migration and customs authorities. This coupled with the challenges facing African states to manage their borders are compounded by globalization that is tearing down traditional borders through advancement in technology and transformation of international relations. At the moment crimes are committed without crossing borders and huge amounts of goods are sold through cyberspace. The problem of security as a result of these borderless-borders in Nigeria has become one of the most intractable challenges facing the country today. In recent time, the security challenges in Nigeria and its border crime are alarming, especially, the activities of the terrorist group known as ‘’Boko Haram’’ in which lives and property are no longer secure. There are many speculations that the groups may have found their way through our porous borders. Therefore, the study probes into the nature of Nigeria borders using analytical framework of assessment in the emerging trans-border crimes, the causes and sources of insecurity of lives and property in Nigeria. The paper then revealed that the major criminal activities in Nigeria borders are smuggling of contraband goods and illegal immigrants, trafficking in weapons and human parts, drug trafficking, vehicle crime, trafficking of illegally exploited natural resources, including the illicit trade in timber, oil and diamond among others. The paper then suggests that much of the conventional wisdom regarding how best to address Nigeria border crime and security is not only enacting a law but also creating proper national security awareness, involvement of new stakeholders in the security sector and strong institutional framework to checkmate the activities of trans- border crime.Item The misconstruction of enemy images in war reporting: The insight narratives on Israel-Hamas conflict(Global Change, Peace & Security Volume 35, 2023 - Issue 3, 2025-02) Osimen Goddy U.; DELE-DADA MOYOSOLUWA PRISCILIA; Osere Nkem JanefrancesThe media plays a crucial role in shaping public perceptions during conflicts, particularly through the construction of enemy images. In the case of the Israel-Hamas conflict, war reporting has reinforced hostile narratives, contributing to the escalation of violence. With the use of secondary sources of data, this study explores how enemy images are constructed through selective media framing, biased language, and the portrayal of both Israel and Hamas in starkly oppositional terms. By comparing Western, Israeli, Palestinian, and regional media outlets, the study identifies key patterns in the use of emotionally charged narratives, political rhetoric, and imagery. It also highlights the implications of such representations, including the justification of military actions, dehumanisation of the adversary, and the manipulation of international perceptions.Item Sustainable development goals implementation in a post‐colonial African State: Any future for the African Continental Free Trade Area?(Sustainable Dvelopment Volume33, Issue1, 2024-09) Chidozie Felix C.; Osimen Goddy U.; Bhadmus Joy; Newo OluwamurewaThis paper examined the prospect of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement in the context of the SDGs. It took its bearing from the contemporary structure of most African states, arguing that the reality of the continent's postcolonial condition could impede the implementation of the AfCFTA. Its refrain is that studies on how Nigeria and South Africa, as regional powers, have used their economic and political influence to advance the SDGs' implementation throughout Africa, using different South–South development frameworks are few. In other words, the institutionalization of a strategic collaboration agenda through a Nigeria-South Africa-coordinated African response to the new powers, in the area of timely implementation of the SDGs is lacking. This study affirms that for the AfCFTA to be successful, it is incumbent on the regional hegemons to build a suitable institutional framework and governance structure that upholds the rule of law and encourages harmonization, consistency, and predictability.Item Political Leadership and Humanitarian Crisis: The Aftermath of Rwanda Conflict and the Challenges of Democratic Sustainability in Africa(Journal of Somali Studies : Research on Somalia and the Greater Horn of African CountriesVol. 12, No. 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Udoh Oluwakemi D.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Odukoya Jonathan Adedayo; Chidozie Felix C.Political leadership and humanitarian crises have had a huge impact on the democratic sustainability of many African states since gaining independence from their colonial masters in the 1960s. Political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability are strongly interconnected as the quality of leadership during a crisis can either strengthen or weaken democratic systems. Good leadership prevents crisis, while bad leadership leads to anarchy, thereby endangering democratic principles and processes. The ideas of political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability unfold in the case of the Rwandan conflict and its aftermath, thereby making the country a case study for the rest of the world. This is well described using the Political Leadership theory in this study. The objectives of the study are to: (i) examine the Rwandan conflict/genocide and Rwanda’s political sphere between 1998 and 2022; (ii) interrogate the role of leadership in the recovery of Rwandans from the humanitarian crisis they faced; (iii) highlight the policies and structural changes made by the government of Rwanda, particularly the reconciliatory and peacebuilding mechanisms initiated in the aftermath of the Conflict; and (iv) examine how political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability have contributed to the current state of affairs in the continent of Africa. Thus, the study adopted a qualitative case study design to evaluate political leadership, humanitarian crises, and the challenges of democratic sustainability in the context of post-genocide Rwanda. The study revealed, among others, that Rwanda’s leadership overcame the humanitarian crisis via leadership quality, indicating that strong institutions, effective leadership, and the rule of law are key to sustaining democracy in African states.Item Cyberbullying and Social Media(Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu KennedyThrough the use of Internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries together. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrimes is cyberbullying (online abuse), which manifests itself in various forms such as pranking, impersonation, hacking, fake news, among others. The negative impacts of cyberbullying on African digital space and Africa at large are disheartening, and the possibility of dealing with this monstrous online crime in Africa has not yielded much positive results due to insufficient technological infrastructures, personnel, and knowledge. Cyberbullies use social media to enhance their nefarious activities, reaching out to their gullible victims with ease. As such, our lead questions are as follows: How is cyberbullying perpetuated in African digital space? What impact does cyberbullying have on Afrocentric society? How best can cyberbullying be dealt with in African digital space? In this chapter, we critically examine cyberbullying and social media in light of African digital space, the communication means adopted by cyberbullies and their implications for African digital space and Africa at large. We, therefore, argue for artificial intelligence knowledge production and application as a potential solution to combating cyberbullying in African digital space