Programme: International Relations
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Item Youth and Electoral Violence in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic: When will the youth be responsible?(Ife Journal of the Humanities and Social Studies (IJOHUSS) Vol. 5, 2021) Moliki Ahmed Olawale; Atobatele AbolajiElection is an important tool that helps to shape peaceful transition of political regimes in a democratic state. Electoral processes in Nigeria, over the years, are marred with malpractices and other massive irregularities, which often lead to premeditated killings and post-election violence, where the youth are mobilised to perpetrate the dastardly act that culminates in fear, insecurity and intimidation of opponents. Many lives and property worth millions of Naira have been destroyed with nobody getting arrested and prosecuted, thereby leaving the citizens in the state of abysmal hopelessness. The authors examine the youth and electoral violence in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic. They adopt a survey research technique in which they interview respondents purposively in five geopolitical zones. The study concludes that youths are responsible for the electionrelated violence that has characterised previous elections in the current republic since 1999 and perpetrated by hired thugs comprising largely the youths in various capacities and constituencies across political parties in Nigeria. The paper, therefore, recommends that the constitution and electoral laws should be reviewed to capture the punishment that will be meted out to the perpetrators, regardless their party affiliations, religion or ethnic groups.Item Nigeria Cue from Global E-Governance for the Civil Service: A Bibliometric Literature Review(Researchgate, 2022-09) Olaleye Sunday Adewale; Atobatele Abolaji; Olaoye Olusegun PeterElectronic governance (e-governance) promotes accountability between the government and its citizens and is a global development. It is a process of using information technology to exchange data, communicate, and deliver government services. E-governance gave birth to an innovative model of government to citizen (G2C), government to business (G2B), government to government (G2G), and government to employees (G2E). This radical change is one of the great things that has happened to the world as the governance framework impacts the back-office processes and interactions. This study employed a quantitative methodology with bibliometric analysis. The results show the longitudinal and transverse waves of e-governance in academic literature, and this study proposed future research agenda.Item SMART CITIES AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA: EVIDENCE FROM SOME SELECTED COUNTRIES(Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 2022) Okewale Raheem Akanni Adewale; Atobatele AbolajiItem The Ethiopian Journal of Social Sciences Volume 8, Number 1,(2022-05) Atobatele Abolaji; Moliki Ahmed OlawaleThere have been age-long rifts between farmers and pastoralists though their relationship is both symbiotic and competitive in nature; hence this has often times led to crises which heightened tensions and religious intolerance. Consequently, many villages have been deserted which has affected the socio-economic activities as well as students’ enrolment in schools. It is against this backdrop that the study examines the extent to which farmers’/herdsmen’s clashes affect sustainable development in Nigeria. To collect data, interviews were conducted in some selected states in Nigeria where the scourge of terrorism was felt greatly. The sample size for the interview was 20 where the interviewees were purposively selected based on their experience in the subject matter and questions were asked through focus group discussion. The study found that government insensitivity to the plight of both farmers and herders is responsible for the crises which have negative impact on sustainable development. The study therefore recommends that conflict management mechanisms should be instituted, and also sanctions should be imposed to forestall future conflicts.Item Policy Interventions on Arctic Marine Ecosystems and Regulatory Framework(Arctic Marine Ecotoxicology, 2024-12-06) Atobatele Abolaji; Olaleye Sunday AdewaleExisting frameworks often fail to adequately address emerging pollutants and their potential impacts on marine ecosystems. National regulatory policies vary among Arctic states, reflecting differences in environmental priorities, economic interests, and governance structures. Countries such as Canada, the United States, Norway, and Russia have established regulatory frameworks to manage activities in their respective Arctic waters. These regulations encompass various aspects, including shipping, oil and gas exploration, and fisheries. However, gaps persist in national regulations concerning Arctic marine toxicology. Limited resources and infrastructure hinder the implementation of comprehensive monitoring programs in remote Arctic regions. Additionally, inconsistencies in regulatory standards and enforcement pose challenges for effective pollution control and remediation efforts. Challenges and gaps exist in Arctic marine toxicology regulations that contribute to inadequate regulation of the fragile environment. Fragmentation and overlap among international and national regulatory frameworks hinder efficient coordination and implementation of Arctic marine protection measures. Improved collaboration and information-sharing mechanisms are needed to address regulatory gaps effectively. Efforts to strengthen international and national regulatory policies for Arctic marine protection must prioritize addressing the challenges and gaps in marine toxicology regulations. Enhanced cooperation among Arctic states, indigenous communities, and stakeholders is essential to develop comprehensive monitoring programs.Item A Threat to Sustainable HealthCare Services? Examining the Effect of Structural Violence on the Policy Outcomes of Lagos State Health Insurance Scheme among Enrolled Junior Officers in the Lagos State Ministry of Works and Infrastructure(Pakistan Journal of Life and Social Sciences 22(2), 2024-01) Dele‐Dada Moyosoluwa; Gberevbie Daniel E.; Olu-Owolabi Fadeke Esther; Atobatele AbolajiItem The Impact of Intra-Party Conflict on Internal Democracy in Nigeria’s 2023 General Elections: A Case of the People’s Democratic Party (PDP)(African RenaissanceVol. 22, No. 1, 2025-03-01) Moliki Ahmed Olawale; Atobatele Abolaji; Oladoyin Anthony Mayowa; Chukwudi Ekene CelestinaThis study investigates the impact of intra-party conflict on democracy in Nigeria, with a specific focus on the People's Democratic Party (PDP) leading up to the 2023 general elections. The feud between Iyorchia Ayu, National Chairman of the PDP, and Nyesom Wike, Governor of Rivers State, has significantly disrupted the party's cohesion since the presidential primary election in May 2022. This research highlights the challenges posed by unresolved internal discord within the PDP, including increased division, media warfare, and frequent defections. The study employs a mixed-method approach, utilising surveys with 389 respondents and interviews with 5 PDP stalwarts, alongside secondary sources and ordinal regression analysis, to investigate the impact of intra-party conflict dynamics, including party wrangling and factionalisation, on democracy indicators such as periodic elections, fundamental human rights, and the rule of law in Nigeria. The findings suggest that the PDP's electoral loss in 2023 was not associated with the internal conflict that engulfed the party.Item Governmental expenditure and National development of Nigeria, 1990-2020: an empirical review(F1000Research, 2024-01) Atobatele Abolaji; Moliki Ahmed; Olaoye Olusegun; Gberevbie Daniel E.; DELE-DADA MOYOSOLUWA PRISCILIABackground One of the main goals of the government is to ensure a development that would enhance the living standard of the people in the society. In this regard, capital expenditure that would promote infrastructure is most desired. However, in Nigeria, the government spends more on administrative cost (recurrent expenditure) than capital expenditure. Under such condition, contributions to economic growth and national development become an illusion. Methods This study employed Augmented Dickey Fuller Test (ADF) with Bound testing procedure, time series data that covers the period from 1990 to 2020 in Nigeria were used. Results The result from the analysis showed that governmental expenditure has a significant effect on the national development of Nigeria. All the variables have a long-run relationship with economic growth (RGDP), according to the ARDL model’s results. If the government poor policies on education, health services, and infrastructure etc. are addressed, in the long-run, Nigeria will achieve monumental development. Conclusion Open Peer Review Approval Status 1 2 version 1 19 Nov 2024 view view Anthony Orji , University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria 1. Uju Victoria Okoli , Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria 2. Any reports and responses or comments on the article can be found at the end of the article. Page 1 of 13 F1000Research 2024, 13:1393 Last updated: 05 JAN 2025 Corresponding author: Abolaji Atobatele (abolaji.atobatele@covenantuniversity.edu.ng) Author roles: Atobatele A: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing; Moliki A: Conceptualization, Project Administration, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing; Olaoye O: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Writing – Original Draft Preparation; GBEREVBIE D: Conceptualization, Supervision, Writing – Original Draft Preparation; Dele-Dada M: Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – Review & Editing Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information: The Covenant University Centre for Research, Innovation, and Discovery (CUCRID) provided invaluable financial support during the course of this study, which the authors of this paper would like to acknowledge and appreciate. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Copyright: © 2024 Atobatele A et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. How to cite this article: Atobatele A, Moliki A, Olaoye O et al. Governmental expenditure and National development of Nigeria, 1990-2020: an empirical review [version 1; peer review: 1 approved with reservations, 1 not approved] F1000Research 2024, 13 :1393 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157915.1 First published: 19 Nov 2024, 13:1393 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.157915.1 The study adopted indices such as expenditure on Social and Community Services, Economic Services and Administrative Services to reflect the dynamics of government expenditure coupled with the yearly data garnered from the Central Bank of Nigeria spanning from 1990 to 2020.