College of Engineering

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A comprehensive review of biofuel utilization for household cooking in developing countries: Economic and environmental impacts
(Process Safety and Environmental Protection Volume 191, Port A,, 2024-11) Dirisu joseph 0.; Oyedepo Sunday 0.; Olowole Olukunle C.; Somefun Tobilobo E.; Peter Nkoliko J.; Babatunde Damilola; Nwaokocha Collins N.; Onokwai Anthony 0.; Obano Enoch; Alam Md Mahbub; Kale Sandip A.
A Review of Corrosion Threat in Marine Industry
(Key Engineering Materials, 2025) Odunlami, Olayemi; Fajobi, Muyiwa; Nnaji, Uchenna; Uriah, Abigail; Gawati, Tomisin; Oladimeji, Temitayo E; Adisa, Hassan
Corrosion poses a significant challenge in the marine industry, leading to the deterioration of equipment and structures, and resulting in substantial costs for its management and control. This comprehensive review focuses on how metal structures in marine environments, such as ships, are affected by corrosion. It explores different forms of corrosion and strategies to prevent it, particularly in the context of marine vessels. The review includes real-world examples of ships, highlights the financial impact of corrosion in the marine sector, and examines the factors contributing to its occurrence. Corrosion prevents a significant issue for marine vessels and related equipment due to the potential damage to the metal they are constructed from. However, there are effective methods to mitigate this problem, such as employing corrosion-inhibiting substances and selecting appropriate materials. The susceptibility of materials to corrosion varies depending on their composition, resulting in either widespread deterioration or localized damages. By thoroughly examining the corrosion challenge within the maritime industry, this review provides insights into managing and mitigating its effects more efficiently.
A review on the sustainable energy generation from the pyrolysis of coconut biomass
(Scientific African (Elsevier), 2021) Azeta Osarhiemhen; Ayeni A. O.; Agboola O.; Elehinafe Francis B.
he negative impacts of the extraction and exploration of fossil fuel on the environment and its depletion that has led to environmental degradation have encouraged researchers, stakeholders, and the government to explore alternative and renewable energy sources such as lignocellulosic biomass. Biomass pyrolysis has proven to be a viable energy conversion process over the last decade due to its low carbon footprint on the environment. Pyrolytic products that are bio-char, bio-oil, and bio-gas have several applications and contribute to our society’s industrial, commercial, and economic growth. This paper reviews the different types of pyrolytic processes using coconut biomass as a feedstock while focusing on the biomass properties that make it useful for pyrolysis and the factors affecting the process.
A Reviewon Polymer Nanocomposites and Their Effective Applications in Membranes and Adsorbents for Water Treatment and Gas Separation
(Membrane (MDPI), 2021) Agboola, Oluranti; Fayomi, O. S. I.; Ayoola, Ayodeji Ayodele; Ayeni, Augustine Omoniyi; Alagbe, Edith E; Sanni, Samuel E; Okoro, Emmanuel E.; Moropeng, Lucey; Sadiku, Rotimi; Kupolati, Kehinde Williams; Oni, Babalola Aisosa
A Simplified Design for Biodiesel Production
(International Conference on Engineering for Sustainable World (IOP Publishing), 2021) Ayoola A. A.; Alagbe E. E.; Agboola O.; Ayeni O. A.; Adeyemi G. A.; Nnabuko D.; Makinwa
Advanced techniques for the capturing and separation of CO2 – A review
(Results in Engineering, 2022) Odunlami, O. A.; Vershima, D. A.; Oladimeji, T. E.; Nkongho, S.; Ogunlade, S. K.; Fakinle, B. S.
The review was carried out to compare the efficiencies of the advanced and modern techniques for the capturing of CO2 and those (technologies) which are already in place. The ever-growing concern for the need to reduce and eliminate the effects of CO2 in the atmosphere has led to major areas of CO2 capture, over the years, to be explored and applied. Several techniques such as adsorption, absorption, cryogenic separation technique, membrane and a combination of two or more of these techniques were explored to determine which was most effective in the carbon capture process. A combination of the principles of these techniques were explored to determine how they can be applied in the advanced techniques of the CO2 capturing and storage processes, within this new age. Absorption stands out as the most commonly used technique for carbon capture. However, it is energy intensive and depending on the solvent used (i.e., ethanol), can be corrosive to the vessel it is utilized in. The review explored advanced methods for carbon dioxide capture such as the use of ionic liquids, zeolites, molten carbonate fuel cell and integration with several other components that enhance, not only their efficiencies, but also other physio-chemical properties that encourage its advancement. These were explored in the course of writing this review paper. From the review, it was discovered that Ionic liquids, integrated with membranes, enhance selectivity towards efficient CO2 capture. Zeolites occur naturally or are produced synthetically. They comprise of metal ions, are porous and made of certain ligands. They apply the principle of adsorption to remove CO2 and store. Molten carbonate fuel cells operate at high temperatures (usually at 600 ◦C) and have CO2 removal efficiencies of up to 60%. The review paper was, successfully, able to identify some of the major advanced technologies in the process of Carbon capture and the principles, efficiencies and costeffectiveness were described, appropriately. From the literature, molten carbonate fuel cells were the best of the three advanced methods, with high efficiency and operations at high (and varying) ranges of temperature
Air quality investigation over Moundou Chad
(International Conference on Energy and Sustainable Environment, 2019) Emetere, M. E.; Oladimeji, Temitayo E
The air quality over Moundou-Chad was examined using satellite dataset. Fifteen years aerosol optical depth (AOD) was obtained from the Multi-angle Imaging Spectro Radiometer (MISR). The AOD dataset is statisticaly stable for further prediction. The highest AOD mean was observed in 2008. The standard deviation, average deviation and coefficient of variation all agrees that the AOD dataset is reliable. It is shown that the aerosol loading over Moundou is high and the size of the aerosol is very tiny to deposit in the human lungs.
Application of mass transfer in the pulp and paper Industry􀀀 overview, processing, challenges, and prospects
(Results in Engineering (Elsevier), 2023) Odunlami Olayemi A.; Amoo Temiloluwa E.; Adisa Hassan A.; Elehinafe Francis B.; Oladimeji Temitayo E.
This study reviews the mass transfer with a focus on the challenges, benefits, processing and prospects in the pulp and paper industry with a scope limited to Kraft pulping which is the dominant pulping process worldwide. The mass transfer usually occurs in various processes that deal with reactions, separation, and heat transfer. All these aforementioned processes occur in the production of pulp and paper from their raw materials. The application of mass transfer to these processes is of great importance in setting target yields, and specifications and improving efficiency. The major processes where mass transfer principles are applied are drying, chemical washing, pulp digestion and pulp bleaching respectively. Understanding the requirements and targets of each of these processes in combination with the mass transfer principles helps in the development of models and design of equipment that operate based on the developed models in meeting the required targets. Studies have indicated that mass and energy balances cannot be done independently in meeting the required targets and equipment design. The drying and stripping of lignocellulosic components of the feed-in paper manufacture constitute a large part of the challenges faced by the industry. Drying techniques have been considered to be inefficient, and lignocellulosic by-products are known to contain toxic components. Green chemistry production processes and newer drying techniques were indicated as possible solutions. It is expected that researchers and investors would find this article useful.
AReviewonPolymer Nanocomposites and Their Effective Applications in Membranes and Adsorbents for Water Treatment and Gas Separation
(Membrane, 2021) Agboola, Oluranti; Fayomi, O. S. I.; Ayoola, Ayodeji Ayodele; Ayeni, Augustine Omoniyi; Alagbe, Edith E; Sanni, Samuel E; Okoro, Emmanuel E.; Moropeng, Lucey; Sadiku, Rotimi; Kupolati, Kehinde Williams; Oni, Babalola Aisosa
ASSESSMENT OF THE IMPACT OF FAULTS IN A DISTRIBUTION NETWORK: A CASE STUDY OF COVENANT UNIVERSITY
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-07) ECHEMITA, Timothy; Covenant University Dissertation
Electrical faults pose significant challenges to the reliable and safe operation of distribution networks, often causing equipment damage, service interruptions, and reduced protection system effectiveness. This research investigates the impact of faults within the Covenant University distribution network. The objectives were to develop a representative network model, identify potential fault types, and assess their influence on overall system performance. A detailed MATLAB/Simulink model of the distribution network was created, and simulations were conducted for five primary fault types: single line-to-ground, double-line, double-line-to- ground, three-phase, and three-phase-to-ground faults, all under steady-state load conditions. The simulation results demonstrated distinct variations in fault current magnitudes and voltage responses depending on the fault type, with three-phase faults producing the highest currents. These results were compared against the interrupting capacities of protective devices installed in the Chapel, College of Science and Technology (CST), and Electrical and Information Engineering (EIE) powerhouses. The analysis revealed instances where simulated fault currents exceeded device ratings, indicating potential weaknesses in the existing protection scheme. Overall, the study emphasizes the importance of simulation-based fault assessment in evaluating protection adequacy and enhancing system resilience. Additionally, the findings provide a reference framework for protection analysis in similar institutional microgrids
ASSESSMENT OF THE UTILISATION OF SUSTAINABLE ENERGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION IN SOUTHERN NIGERIA
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-01) OBANOR ENOCH IWINOSA; Covenant University Dissertation
This study evaluates renewable energy adoption across Ogun, Lagos, Edo, and Delta states using a mixed-methods approach. A bibliometric analysis of 424 research publications (2014–2024) revealed that solar energy was the most studied topic (35%), followed by hydropower (25%) and bioenergy (20%). The analysis identified a 32% increase in renewable energy publications since 2019, with 62% of highly cited papers focusing on policy and deployment strategies. Citation mapping indicated that the top 10 research institutions contributed 47% of all renewable energy studies, highlighting the concentration of expertise in specific regions. Survey data from 387 respondents indicated that 68% lacked reliable electricity access, while 78% relied on traditional biomass or fossil fuels. Among respondents, 62% expressed willingness to adopt solar energy if installation costs were reduced by at least 40%. However, only 23% were aware of existing renewable energy policies, and 54% rated government efforts as inadequate. In terms of energy satisfaction, only 9% of respondents rated their current energy sources as highly adequate, while 36% described them as moderate, and 21% rated them as low. The study further analysed energy availability across Nigerian states. Lagos, Ogun, Edo, and Delta states experience an average of 12–18 hours of electricity outages per day, forcing 74% of households to rely on generators as backup power sources despite Nigeria’s solar radiation potential of 3.5–7.0 kWh/m². Alignment with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 7 and 13 was assessed, revealing that only 19% of publications explicitly addressed energy access and climate change mitigation, while survey results showed that 69% of respondents were unaware of Nigeria’s commitment to SDGs. Projections based on current adoption rates estimate that, if key policy recommendations, energy access in Southern Nigeria could rise from 32% to over 70% by 2035 and fossil fuel dependency could decline by 55%. This research shows that achieving an efficient renewable energy transition requires urgent policy interventions, enhanced financial incentives, and strengthened institutional frameworks.
Bridging the Artificial Intelligence Knowledge and Skill Gaps in Africa: a Case of the 3rd Google Tensorflow Bootcamp and FEDGEN Mini-Workshop
(2024 International Conference on Science, Engineering and Business for Driving Sustainable Development Goals, 2024) Adetiba Emmanue; Wejin John S.; Oshin Oluwadamilola; Ifijeh Ayodele H.; LAWAL, Comfort Oluwaseyi; Thakur Surendra Colin; Awelewa Ayokunle A.; Kala Raymond Jules; Ajayi Priscilla O.; Akanle Matthew B.; Sweetwiliams Faith O.; Nnaji Uche; Owolabi Emmanuel; Idowu-Bismark Olabode; Sobola Gabriel
In transiting from one civilization to another, technology has played a vital and positive role. In the 21st century, one of the digital developments that is paving ways for human life improvement is machine-assisted technology using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Artificial Intelligence has successfully enhanced man’s capacity in solving complex problems and processes. However, as developed nations continue to reap from the adoption of AI in various fields of human endeavors, the continent of Africa has remained behind, especially in AI-based skills and research. Various governments in developing nations have encouraged the adoption of AI, especially in institutions of learning. However, theoretical adoption without practical experience has remained an ineffective way of bridging the digital divide. In this paper we present the outcome of a practical approach to bridging the AI divide among students and researchers in Africa through funding support from the Google TensorFlow College Outreach Award. A 3-day hybrid bootcamp was organized (11th to 13th December, 2023) using the Google funding in order to equip postgraduate students and researchers with AI and collaborative research skills. A pre-survey method was employed to ascertain the knowledge level of the bootcamp participants. From the pre-surveyed feedback, training sessions on various AI domains were presented, and participant equipped with practical AI skills using a deployed AI-based cloud programming platform running on the private Federated Genomic Cloud (FEDGEN) infrastructure at Covenant University. A post-survey feedback was used to ascertain the effectiveness of this approach. A comparative analysis of the pre-survey and post-survey reveals a 70% improvement of AI skills among participants. This shows that having continuous training session for students and researchers is an effective method in closing the AI skills gap between developed and developing nations.
Building Production Management Practice in the Construction Industry in Nigeria
(Engineering Management in Production and Services Volume 12 • Issue 2, 2020) Osuizugbo, Innocent Chigozie; Ojelabi, Raphael Abiodun
A B S T R A C T Growing demands for building projects result from economic development. The building industry is dynamic and multifaceted. Efficient and effective practice of building production management (BPM) is required to successfully execute projects and achieve project goals upon completion as well as functionality aims for the lifespan of a building. This research aims to determine factors that influence the BPM practice in the Nigerian construction industry, particularly; during the project execution phase. A cross-sectional survey used; a questionnaire to identify 73 factors, which were grouped into 12 categories and assessed. A purposive sampling technique was used to identify 20 construction organisations specialising in building production management in Lagos, Nigeria. 114 questionnaires were distributed to the pool of stakeholders, which included 31 clients, 34 consultants and 49 contractors of current and past building production projects carried out by the selected firms in Lagos. The research used a selection of statistical tools for SPSS v.23, including the chi-square test, the Kruskal-Wallis test and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance. The obtained result revealed the factors that mostly influence the BPM practice namely, architectural drawings, the construction programme document, the work breakdown structure, the adequacy of communication and coordination between the parties, the adequacy of raw materials and equipment, the availability of the competent team, the implementation of the safety management system, regular maintenance of project equipment, clear and timely inspections, the availability of funds as planned throughout the project duration, the availability of skilled personnel, and the aesthetics of the completed work. The research resulted in the development of the BPM implementation framework and recommendations for the improvement of the BPM practice in Nigeria.
Chemical deposition and corrosion perspectives on the development of pipe union steel in automobile industry
(The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology (Springer), 2024) Omoegun, Olumide; Fayomi, O. S. I; Ayoola, Ayodeji Ayodele; Agboola, Oluranti
Pipe union steel development in the automobile industry necessitates a diversified strategy, notably in terms of surface protection, durability enhancement, and corrosion resistance. This comprehensive research dives into the domain of chemical deposition technologies, primarily electroplating and its derivatives to strengthen steel surfaces against environmental, thermal, and cyclic stressors inherent in car exhaust systems. Electroplating is a flexible technology with numerous applications ranging from corrosion protection and microstructure formation to alloying and the development of high-magnetic force actuators. The research examines electroplating mechanisms, classifies chemical deposition methods, and defines the parameters of an ideal electroplating process. It assesses thin film electrodeposition and autocatalytic or electroless metal deposition, analyzing their benefits, disadvantages, and real-world applications in the automotive industry. It also investigates current research on electroplating applications, environmental problems, and pipe union steel challenges in engineering applications, such as fracture inclinations and material fatigue. Furthermore, this study investigates studies that address environmental contamination caused by electroplating applications, as well as novel methods for reducing hazardous waste. Several experimental and computational researches on steel compositions, alloys, and alternative coatings provide vital insights into enhancing the durability and corrosion resistance of pipe union steel for automotive applications.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NON-METALLIC CONTENTS OF SAWDUST OF DIFFERENT WOOD SPECIES AND COAL SPECIES IN NIGERIA
(Petroleum and Coal, 2019) Elehinafe, Francis Boluwaji; Okedere, Oyetunji Babatunde; Odunlami, Olayemi. Abosede; Oladimeji, Temitayo E; Mamudu, Angela Onose; Sonibare, Jacob Ademola
The study assessed the non-metallic contents of sawdust samples by ultimate analysis and compared with those of coal species found in the literature. The results showed that the sawdust of the wood species have: carbon contents ranged from 43.78% for Uapaca heudelotii to 62.95% for Irvingia excels; hydrogen contents ranged from 4.35% for Entada gigas to 7.07% Parkia biglobosa;; sulphur contents ranged from 0.00% for Pterygota macrocarpa to 0.09% Spondias mombin; nitrogen contents ranged between 0.00% for Blighia sapida and 1.70% for Khaya ivorensis, and oxygen contents ranged between 30.08% Macaranga barteri and 50.61% Uapaca heudelotii. It was concluded that utilization of sawdust as energy source has minimal or no environmental concerns, unlike coal.
CONGESTION MITIGATION IN TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL NETWORKS USING A DEEP REINFORCEMENT LEARNING APPROACH
(Covenant University, Ota, 2026-02) OPALEYE, Moses Adebayo; Covenant Universssity, Ota
Random Early Detection (RED) algorithms require manual parameter tuning of the queue weight parameter, limiting effectiveness in dynamic network environments. This research develops a Deep Reinforcement Learning approach to dynamically adjust RED's queue weight for improved congestion control. Using NS-3.43 with OpenAI Gym and ZeroMQ integration, three agents — DQN, DDQN, and DDQNPER — were trained on a 200-node scenario and evaluated on unseen traffic scales of 20, 100, 300, and 400 nodes. All DRL models-maintained throughput identical to standard RED (4.885–4.936 Mbps) across all scenarios, confirming no loss of network capacity. DDQNPER achieved the best overall performance, reducing packet loss by approximately 1.8% under heavy traffic conditions (300 and 400 nodes), while marginally underperforming RED in packet loss at 20 nodes. Queuing delay was reduced across all scenarios, with the largest improvement of approximately 11% occurring at 20 nodes and moderate reductions of 3–5% under heavier traffic. These results demonstrate that DDQN enhanced with Prioritised Experience Replay can meaningfully improve active queue management in TCP/IP networks, with advantages most consistent under high-traffic congestion conditions.
Construction Quality Management Automation: Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Emerging Technologies (ET): A Review
(EPiCSeries in Built Environment Volume 6, 2025) Ogunrinde, Olugbenro; Burgoon, Jared; Oyeyipo, Opeyemi; Ojelabi, Rapheal
Construction productivity has been nearly stagnant for decades and traditional productivity metrics hinder progress. Addressing these challenges is critical for improving productivity. Emerging technologies like BIM present a viable solution for enhancing performance and productivity. Construction quality management processes (CQM) offer the potential for improving productivity; however, the construction industry is slow to adopt innovation. Manufacturing and other industries have seen productivity growth of 3.6% and 2.8% respectively because of the introduction of cutting edge technology for reducing human errors compared to construction’s that remains at 1% over the last two decades mostly due to conventional approach. Therefore, this paper reviews existing literature and identifies BIM integrative technologies that can enhance the CQM processes to improve productivity and reduce human errors. The study identified visualization modeling and automation systems technologies that can be integrated with BIM to guide stakeholders toward adoption and use for quality evaluation processes. Visualization modeling and automation system technologies that can be applied across various quality management categories are identified, offering insights for construction stakeholders. These technologies are positioned as key tools for improving the industry’s efficiency and guiding stakeholders toward more effective quality evaluation and management practices.
CONTROL OF FOSSIL FUEL GAS OPERATING CONDITIONS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE CAPTURE PROCESS
(2021) Letsholo I.; Moropeng M. L.; Mavhungu A.; Agboola O.; Fayomi O. S. I.; Moropeng R. C.
CORROSION INHIBITION BEHAVIOUR OF CALF THYMUS GLAND DNA ON MILD STEEL IN SULPHAMIC ACID
(Covenant University Ota, 2025-04) Ekere Isaac E.; Covenant University Thesis
Inorganic acid cleaners based on sulphamic acid are frequently employed in industrial equipment cleaning, descaling and acidizing. This application of sulphamic acid in industrial cleaning is not entirely without its drawback as the cleaning action usually leads to dissolution and loss of base metals. The addition of corrosion inhibitors is one of the industrial practices employed to minimize equipment corrosion damage. The purpose of this work was to assess the viability of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), extracted from calf thymus gland, as an inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in sulphamic acid medium, and in comparison, with salmon Fish DNA and INDION 5489, a commercial inhibitor. The inhibition process was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarisation, SEM/EDX and FTIR measurements. Response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed to determine the optimum corrosion inhibition conditions. The weight loss measurements obtained the highest inhibition efficiency of 82.71% at 303 K and immersion time of 6 h by addition of 2.5 mg/L of calf thymus DNA, CTGDNA. The corrosion rate was also observed to decrease with an increase in inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarisation curves showed a shift in Ecorr < 85 mV an indication that CTGDNA is a mixed inhibitor, suppressing both cathodic and anodic reactions. An RSM generated polynomial model obtained an optimum efficiency of 72% at 303 K, 5.5 mg/L after 2.12 h immersion. Estimation by ANN, with minimal errors, and a higher R2 of 0.983 in comparison to 0.925 for RSM were close to the experimental inhibition efficiency. CTGDNA adsorption on mild steel modelled the Langmuir isotherm with a linear regression coefficient of 0.99. The increase in the activation energy from 37.54 kJ/mol to 52.5 kJ/mol after 2 h immersion; with a similar trend for 4 and 6 h demonstrated that addition of CTGDNA favoured physioisorption. The small and negative value of entropy was an indication that the adsorption of CTGDNA was spontaneous. FTIR confirmed the presence of protective film formed by CTGDNA inhibitor on the mild steel surface at various concentration. SEM images showed reduction in the degradation of mild steel surface in the uninhibited solution after addition of CTGDNA. The comparative studies obtained a weight loss of 0.0036, 0.0047, 0.0072 and 0.0086 mg in 10% sulphamic acid in the presence of CTGDNA inhibitor, salmon fish DNA, conventional cleaning solution and blank solution of 10% sulphamic acid without an inhibitor, respectively. This confirmed that the CTGDNA inhibitor enhanced the 10% sulphamic acid cleaning solution as a suitable and viable cleaning agent for mild steel in comparison with INDION 5489.
CORROSION INHIBITION OF A36 MILD STEEL IN ACIDIC MEDIUM USING Citrus paradisi Rind Inhibitor
(Rasayan J. Chem., 15(3), 2022-07) Ayoola, Ayodeji Ayodele; Olulesho, S; Durodola, Bamidee; Agboola, o.; Oladokun, O.; Ayeni, A.; Fayomi, O. S. I.; Babalola, R.
The effectiveness of grapefruit (citrus paradisi rind) peel powder as a green corrosion inhibitor on A36 mild steel in 0.5M H2SO4 was examined. Gravimetric tests, SEM-EDS, and adsorption isotherm techniques were used to determine the corrosion inhibition features of the inhibitor on the surface of A36 mild steel. The tests were carried out with variation in concentration of inhibitor (0–0.4 %w/v), corrosion temperature (301K and 318K), and corrosion time (3 12 hours). The findings demonstrated that citrus paradisi rind powder effectively inhibited the corrosion of A36 mild steel on the surface with maximum corrosion inhibition efficiency of 85% at 0.4 w/v% inhibitor concentration at 310K corrosion temperature. The SEM-EDS analysis established the presence of sulphur, nitrogen, and oxygen (organic constituents), as well as the formation of a protective coating on the mild steel surface. Langmuir adsorption isotherm was found suitable for the prediction of the adsorption of citrus paradisi rind inhibitor on the mild steel surface. The thermodynamic considerations (∆𝐻 and (∆𝑆) indicated that the inhibition of A36 mild steel corrosion (using citrus paradisi rind inhibitor) was an exothermic process and the inhibitor molecules were physically adsorbed on the metal surface.