Department of Political Science and International Relations

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CRISES AND THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY OF ARAB SPRING IN LIBYA
(MAZEDAN INT. J. OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES, 2021) Fajobi, Michael Ayobami; ADEOLA, DANIEL OLUWASEGUN
The ‘Arab Spring’ which started from Tunisia dispersed to many countries in the Arab world has become a notable issue within the international system in the last decade. In Libya, the protest came to the limelight against the four decades rule of Muammar Gaddafi; however, the peaceful demonstration metamorphosed into revolution, consequently leading to civil war and military intervention in Libya as demonstrators were involved in the attack against the regime. It was also noted that population outbursts, unemployment, corruption by political elites, and highhandedness of the autocratic regime contributed to the consciousness of the crisis across the Arab world. The event in Libya escalated to the point of attracting a foreign military intervention backed up by the United Nations Organisation, however, the United Nations-backed up humanitarian intervention did more harm than good as it failed to protect citizens against further danger. This paper however summed up the military intervention in Libya as a facade. It was noted that the humanitarian intervention spearheaded by North Atlantic Organisation (NATO) forces under the umbrella of the United Nations was accompanied by an ulterior motive which was to topple the regime.
REGIONAL DYNAMICS AND CONFLICT SPILLOVER IN NORTH AFRICA: ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF FOREIGN MILITARY INTERVENTION IN
(ZAMFARA JOURNAL OF POLITICES AND DEVELOPMENT VOL 4 /No 2, 2023) Ezugwu Olileanya Amuche; Benjamin Kehinde Tola; Duruji M. M.
This study delves into the regional dynamics and conflict spillover in North Africa, with a primary focus on assessing the impact of foreign military intervention. The intricate interplay of political, economic, and security factors in this volatile region necessitates an in-depth analysis of how foreign military involvement shapes the dynamics of conflicts and their potential repercussions beyond national borders. This study adopts the theory of intervention, to understand the complexities of the regional dynamics and the impact of foreign military interventions in North Africa, particularly in Libya. By employing a comprehensive framework of qualitative methodology, this research aims to shed light on the multifaceted aspects of conflict spillover and its ramifications for regional stability and assess the consequences of foreign military intervention on state fragility, social cohesion, and governance structures within North African countries. The study considers various dimensions of the impact, including the exacerbation of existing grievances, the militarization of conflicts, the proliferation of arms, the fragmentation of societal cohesion, and the displacement of populations. It also explores how interventions have affected state institutions, governance structures, and social dynamics, ultimately influencing the stability of North African nations; particularly in Libya. Elucidating the interconnections between domestic conflicts and external military interventions, the study underscores the complex relationship between foreign military intervention, stability, and intrastate conflicts in North Africa, emphasising that these interventions significantly affected the political stability of North Africa; increasing intrastate conflicts and violence in the region. The study thus recommends the prioritisation of diplomatic and political solutions over military interventions, focusing on inclusive dialogue and conflict resolution mechanisms.

Department of Political Science and International Relations

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