College of Science and Technology
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Item Regularized Models for Fitting Zero-Inflated and Zero-Truncated Count Data: A Comparative Analysis(2023) Akinlabi, Grace O.; Adesina, Olumide S.; Okewole, Dorcas M.; Adedotun, Adedayo F.; Adekeye, Kayode S.; Edeki, Onos S.Generalized Linear Models (GLMs) are widely recognized for their efficacy in fitting count data, superior to the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) approach. The incapability of OLS to suitably handle count data can be attributed to its tendency to overfit. This study proposes the utilization of regularized models, specifically Ridge Regression and the Least Absolute Shrinkage and Selection Operator (LASSO), for fitting count data. These models are compared to frequentist and Bayesian models commonly used for count data fitting, such as the Dirichlet prior mixture of generalized linear mixed models and the discrete Weibull. The findings reveal Ridge Regression's superiority over all other models based on the Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). However, its performance diminishes when evaluated using the Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC), even though it still outperforms LASSO. The study thereby suggests the use of regularized regression models for fitting zero-inflated count data, as demonstrated with simulated data. Further, the appropriateness of regularized zero for zero-truncated count is exemplified using life data.Item Stakeholders’ perspectives on addressing climate change and respiratory health impacts in Nigeria(Pan African Medical Journal, 2025) Akinnola, Olayemi O.; Iseolorunkanmi, Alexander; Niyi-Odumosu, Faatihah; Akinnola, Olayemi O.; Ale, Boni Maxime; Adeloye, Davies; Ozoh, Obianuju BeatriceThe impacts of climate change on respiratory health are increasingly becoming a significant challenge in Nigerian cities, particularly in Lagos and Ogun States. Engaging stakeholders in discussions about climate change and health is crucial for addressing these challenges. The climate change and respiratory health (C2Rest) Nigeria Study team facilitated a stakeholder engagement to discuss climate change and health impacts in Nigeria, aiming to explore feasible solutions relevant to research, policy, and practice. A stakeholder meeting was conducted on April 23rd, 2024, involving from Gardner´s climate change engagement pathways, which examine key drivers (8 questions), barriers (7 questions), and adaptation pathways (3 questions). Data were collected through note-taking, written contributions, audio and video recording, and subsequently transcribed and analysed thematically. A total of 42 registered participants, comprising government officials, academicians, healthcare professionals, community and religious leaders, attended the stakeholder engagement meeting. Participants made group presentations and submitted a total of 380 written contributions. There were varying views on the drivers of climate change, but there was consensus that the most vulnerable populations include the poor, homeless, pregnant women, children, the elderly, and individuals with underlying health conditions. An important barrier identified was the sociocultural belief that climate change is an act of God or spirits. Financial constraints were a recurrent theme in discussions about mitigation and adaptation to climate change. This report provides valuable information on the most vulnerable population to the effects of climate change in Nigeria and identifies sociocultural beliefs and financial constraints as key barriers to the adoption of effective mitigation and adaptation behaviors.