Department of Chemical Engineering.
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Item Emissions of CO and SO2 from solvent extraction treatment of used lubricant(4th International Conference on Science and Sustainable Development, 2021) Oladimeji, Temitayo E.; Sonibare, Jacob A.; Omoleye, James A.; Emetere, Moses, E.; Odunlami, Olayemi, A.Emissions fromused lubricant could have adverse effect on man and its environment due to the presence of degraded additives and contaminants. Different treatment methodshas been developed with few check on its pollution aspect. This study investigated the emissions of two major criteria pollutants - carbon monoxide (CO) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) from the solvent extraction treatment of used lubricant. CO was found to be the highest emitting pollutant with mean emission concentration of 85.85 mg/m3 which has exceeded the set NAQS standard while SO2 falls within the standard limit. Therefore,there is a great need to give attention to the control of CO emissions around the treatment plant. However, CO emission can be controlled by employing a CO converter to convert the poisonous gas to a less poisonous gas or substituting the existing process in solvent extraction with a more environmentally friendly one.Item From origin to oversight: properties, impacts and management of heavy metals(Discover Applied Sciences, 2025) Oladimeji, Temitayo E.; Oyedemi, Melody O.; Odunfa, Moradeyo K.; Agboola, Oluranti; Adeoye, John B.; Oke, Michael A.; Akindele, Olubukola O.Heavy metals, derived from both natural processes (e.g., rock weathering) and anthropogenic activities (e.g., industrial emissions, agricultural runoff ), pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation in ecosystems. This review emphasizes the need for an in-depth examination of heavy metals, their sources, properties, toxicity, and management. The document also evaluates regulatory frameworks aimed at managing heavy metal contamination and highlights the need for innovative detection and regulation. It underscores the importance of future research and policy advancements to strengthen remediation efforts, safeguard public health, and promote sustainable environmental practicesItem From origin to oversight: properties, impacts and management of heavy metals(Discover Applied Sciences, 2025) Oladimeji, Temitayo E; Oyedemi, Melody O; Odunfa, Moradeyo K; Agboola, Oluranti; Adeoye, John B; Oke, Michael A.; Akindele, Olubukola O.Heavy metals, derived from both natural processes (e.g., rock weathering) and anthropogenic activities (e.g., industrial emissions, agricultural runoff), pose significant environmental and health risks due to their persistence and bioaccumulation in ecosystems. This review emphasizes the need for an in-depth examination of heavy metals, their sources, properties, toxicity, and management. The document also evaluates regulatory frameworks aimed at managing heavy metal contamination and highlights the need for innovative detection and regulation. It underscores the importance of future research and policy advancements to strengthen remediation efforts, safeguard public health, and promote sustainable environmental practiceItem Production of activated carbon from sawdust and its efficiency in the treatment of sewage water(Materials Science Forum, 2025) Oladimeji, Temitayo E; Olaniyan, Ifeoluwa F.; Emetere, Moses E.; Adeoye, John B.; Odunlami, Olayemi, A.; Abatan, Olubunmi G.The use of activated carbon for wastewater treatment has been established based on sustainability and cost. This study delves into the intricate process of producing activated carbon from cow and goat bones and explores the efficiency of this material in removing contaminants from distillery wastewater. The samples were carbonized at 700°C in a muffle furnace, then crushed in a mortar after cooling. The crushed samples were activated using 0.4M phosphoric acid for 24 hours and washed with distilled water, and finally oven dried. The elemental and microstructural was carried on the prepared activated carbon (AC) samples using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The heavy metals in the treated water were tested using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The AC was used to treat waste water and factors on which adsorption depend, such as contact time (35 minutes and 60 minutes), adsorbent dosage (2.5g and 5g), and initial contaminant concentration (100% and 50%) were varied for each activated carbon sample (cow bone AC, goat bone AC, and a mixture of equal ratios of both). It was reported that activated carbon prepared from animal bones is rich in calcium. Also, chemical activation with phosphoric acid led to an increase in the external surface area of the particles with irregular cavities and pores. AC prepared from the mixture of cow and goat bones was most effective for distillery wastewater purification.Item Production of activated carbon from sawdust and its efficiency in the treatment of sewage water(Heliyon, 2021) Oladimeji, Temitayo E; Odunoye, Babatunde O.; Elehinafe, Francis. B; Obanla,, Oyinlola, R.; Odunlami, Olayemi, A.When water is contaminated and rendered unfit for drinking, it is regarded as waste, which leads to water pollution. Several works have been done to control water pollution, yet this topic is still a point of concern up to date. The study involves the production of activated carbon (AC) using sawdust to treat sewage water obtained from Covenant University. The following conditions were investigated; activation time and temperature, acti vating agent concentration, and impregnation time. The AC was characterized by measuring ash content, iodine value, moisture, and volatile matter content. The optimum activated carbon prepared in this study had iodine of 1628.95 mg/gm, while the minimum activated carbon had an iodine of 470.41 mg/gm. According to standard procedure, the sewage water sample was characterized physio-chemically before and after treatment using activated carbon as an adsorbent. The results obtained indicated considerable improvement in the quality of the water. When optimum activated carbon was used for treatment, pH value changed from 7.7 to 7.10, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) was reduced from 288 mg/l to 20 mg/l and Total dissolved solids (TDS) reduced from 183.7 mg/l to 16.4 mg/l, Total suspended solids (TSS) reduced 232 mg/l to 15.7 mg/l. When minimum activated carbon was used for treatment, pH value changed from 7.7 to 7.60, BOD was reduced from 288 mg/l to 112.2 mg/ l, and TDS reduced from 232 mg/l to 174 mg/l, TSS reduced 183.7 mg/l to 103 mg/l. The results obtained led to the conclusion that the produced activated carbon effectively treats the above-stated water quality parameters.Item Advanced techniques for the capturing and separation of CO2 – A review(Results in Engineering, 2022) Odunlami, O. A.; Vershima, D. A.; Oladimeji, T. E.; Nkongho, S.; Ogunlade, S. K.; Fakinle, B. S.The review was carried out to compare the efficiencies of the advanced and modern techniques for the capturing of CO2 and those (technologies) which are already in place. The ever-growing concern for the need to reduce and eliminate the effects of CO2 in the atmosphere has led to major areas of CO2 capture, over the years, to be explored and applied. Several techniques such as adsorption, absorption, cryogenic separation technique, membrane and a combination of two or more of these techniques were explored to determine which was most effective in the carbon capture process. A combination of the principles of these techniques were explored to determine how they can be applied in the advanced techniques of the CO2 capturing and storage processes, within this new age. Absorption stands out as the most commonly used technique for carbon capture. However, it is energy intensive and depending on the solvent used (i.e., ethanol), can be corrosive to the vessel it is utilized in. The review explored advanced methods for carbon dioxide capture such as the use of ionic liquids, zeolites, molten carbonate fuel cell and integration with several other components that enhance, not only their efficiencies, but also other physio-chemical properties that encourage its advancement. These were explored in the course of writing this review paper. From the review, it was discovered that Ionic liquids, integrated with membranes, enhance selectivity towards efficient CO2 capture. Zeolites occur naturally or are produced synthetically. They comprise of metal ions, are porous and made of certain ligands. They apply the principle of adsorption to remove CO2 and store. Molten carbonate fuel cells operate at high temperatures (usually at 600 ◦C) and have CO2 removal efficiencies of up to 60%. The review paper was, successfully, able to identify some of the major advanced technologies in the process of Carbon capture and the principles, efficiencies and costeffectiveness were described, appropriately. From the literature, molten carbonate fuel cells were the best of the three advanced methods, with high efficiency and operations at high (and varying) ranges of temperatureItem CORROSION INHIBITION BEHAVIOUR OF CALF THYMUS GLAND DNA ON MILD STEEL IN SULPHAMIC ACID(Covenant University Ota, 2025-04) Ekere Isaac E.; Covenant University ThesisInorganic acid cleaners based on sulphamic acid are frequently employed in industrial equipment cleaning, descaling and acidizing. This application of sulphamic acid in industrial cleaning is not entirely without its drawback as the cleaning action usually leads to dissolution and loss of base metals. The addition of corrosion inhibitors is one of the industrial practices employed to minimize equipment corrosion damage. The purpose of this work was to assess the viability of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), extracted from calf thymus gland, as an inhibitor for mild steel corrosion in sulphamic acid medium, and in comparison, with salmon Fish DNA and INDION 5489, a commercial inhibitor. The inhibition process was investigated using weight loss, potentiodynamic polarisation, SEM/EDX and FTIR measurements. Response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) were employed to determine the optimum corrosion inhibition conditions. The weight loss measurements obtained the highest inhibition efficiency of 82.71% at 303 K and immersion time of 6 h by addition of 2.5 mg/L of calf thymus DNA, CTGDNA. The corrosion rate was also observed to decrease with an increase in inhibitor concentration. Potentiodynamic polarisation curves showed a shift in Ecorr < 85 mV an indication that CTGDNA is a mixed inhibitor, suppressing both cathodic and anodic reactions. An RSM generated polynomial model obtained an optimum efficiency of 72% at 303 K, 5.5 mg/L after 2.12 h immersion. Estimation by ANN, with minimal errors, and a higher R2 of 0.983 in comparison to 0.925 for RSM were close to the experimental inhibition efficiency. CTGDNA adsorption on mild steel modelled the Langmuir isotherm with a linear regression coefficient of 0.99. The increase in the activation energy from 37.54 kJ/mol to 52.5 kJ/mol after 2 h immersion; with a similar trend for 4 and 6 h demonstrated that addition of CTGDNA favoured physioisorption. The small and negative value of entropy was an indication that the adsorption of CTGDNA was spontaneous. FTIR confirmed the presence of protective film formed by CTGDNA inhibitor on the mild steel surface at various concentration. SEM images showed reduction in the degradation of mild steel surface in the uninhibited solution after addition of CTGDNA. The comparative studies obtained a weight loss of 0.0036, 0.0047, 0.0072 and 0.0086 mg in 10% sulphamic acid in the presence of CTGDNA inhibitor, salmon fish DNA, conventional cleaning solution and blank solution of 10% sulphamic acid without an inhibitor, respectively. This confirmed that the CTGDNA inhibitor enhanced the 10% sulphamic acid cleaning solution as a suitable and viable cleaning agent for mild steel in comparison with INDION 5489.Item Sulphamic Acid Corrosion Inhibition: A review Isaac(ASEN Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol. 24 No 2, 2024) Ekere Isaac E.; Agboola O.; Ayeni Augustine O.Item Utilization of Bioresources: Towards Biomass Valorization for Biofuels(Bioresource Utilization and Management, 2021) Sanni Samuel Eshorame; Agboola Oluranti; Moses Emetere; Okoro Emeka; Adefila Sam Sunday; Sadiku Rotimi; Alaba PeterBiomass valorization has recently gained wide attention owing to the vast availability of wastes from which essential oils can be extracted, processed, and subsequently converted to energy utilities and value-added products by taking advantage of the free fatty acid contents of the parent bio-oils. The waste materials undergo a conversion process to give the prospective fuels. The two major final products of the conversion process are bioethanol and biodiesel. Recent findings have also indicated the usefulness of these products as intermediate products/raw materials for end products such as simple sugars or biolubes; this goes further to emphasize the huge potential in these substrates (agricultural wastes) when used as raw materials. In 252recent times, hydrogen from biomass is being sought as a means of energy to power cars, and this also brings to bear the need to underscore how far efforts have been made to introduce bioethanol-driven cars. Fossil fuels, besides being nonbiodegradable relative to bio-oils, are gradually being depleted, with no measures put in place for their replacement. This then suggests the need to look beyond the current situation for viable alternatives. This chapter provides background information on biofuels, their production processes, and their physicochemical characterization, application, and sustainability, since the world is like a vicious circle that currently tilts in the direction of "engineering for a sustainable world". Furthermore, the chapter unveils some gray areas of research that still remain untapped, thus opening up doors for revenue generation.Item Surface effect of environmentally assisted corrosion growth of automotive welded steel performance(Materials Proceedings Volume 38, Part 5, 2021-03) Fayomi O. S. I.; Samuel Olusegun David; Mashilo Matsobane; Popoola Abimbola Patricia; Agboola Oluranti; Balasubramanian DhineshFailure of steel in automobile industries due to environmentally assisted medium in service is alarming. In this study an effort has been made to investigate critically the corrosion induced performances of automotive welded part. The experimental correlation on the effect of corrosive media (NaCl and HCl solutions) on the base metal, heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal formed were examined using linear potentiodynamic polarization technique. The hardness, microstructural and phase rationale of the studied joint was evaluated using, diamond base indenter, Scanning electron microscope and x-ray diffractograms respectively. The results revealed that the base metal has no detrimental phase transformation unlike the HAZ and the weld joint region. The hardness value of 185 HV welded joint was obtained compared to 235.95 HV of base region. The corrosion propagation in the 3.5NaCl and 1 M HCl shows that pitting deterioration occurs at the welded position in all case as a result of the shift in grain refinement and micro-straining during welding process.