Department of Biological Sciences

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    Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Mosquito-borne Viral Diseases among Residents of Ogun State, Nigeria
    (Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 2025) Oluwaseyi, Temitope Ayinde; Adeogun, Adedapo Olufemi; Oranusi, Solomon Uche
    Mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria, yellow fever, dengue, and chikungunya, pose significant public health challenges, particularly in regions like Ogun State, Nigeria, where ecological and sociodemographic factors facilitate vector proliferation. This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to mosquito-borne diseases among Ogun State residents, providing insights to guide targeted interventions. A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 450 respondents selected through a multistage sampling technique. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and practices were collected using a structured questionnaire. Statistical analysis, including descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests, and linear regression, was performed using R software to identify associations between demographic factors and KAP indicators. The study population was predominantly young adults (mean age: 25.49 years), with more male participants (65.3%) and a nearly even urban-rural split. While 66.4% of respondents had heard of mosquito-borne diseases, only 34.7% and 36.7% identified Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes as vectors. Preventive practices such as sleeping under mosquito nets (80.8%) were standard, but other measures, including eliminating stagnant water (46.4%) and using insecticides (40.3%), were less prevalent. Attitudes toward diagnostic testing were limited, with most respondents relying on symptomatic recognition rather than confirmatory testing. Significant associations were observed between demographics and KAP indicators. The findings highlight critical gaps in knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to mosquito-borne diseases in Ogun State. Targeted health education, improved access to preventive tools, and community engagement are essential to bridging these gaps and reducing the public health burden of mosquito-borne diseases.
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    Permethrin resistance of Anopheles mosquito species across diverse habitats in rural and urban areas of Ogun and Oyo States, Nigeria
    (The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology, 2026) Oluwaseyi, Temitope Ayinde; Adeogun, Adedapo Olufemi; Orabueze, Ibuchukwu Nkeonyenasoya; Adediran, Adewale Daniel; Oranusi, Solomon Uche
    Background Various habitats have been shown to support the breeding of mosquitoes in both urban and rural settings, which has led to an increase in the population of these pathogen-transmitting vectors. Urbanisation has emerged as a key driver of insecticide resistance in mosquitoes primarily due to the increased use of insecticides, which exert selective pressure on the mosquito population leading to the development of resistance. The rise of insecticide resistance in Anopheles mosquitoes, the primary malaria vector, threatens malaria control in Nigeria. Methods This study characterised various Mosquito breeding sites across rural and urban habitats in Ogun and Oyo States, Nigeria, and identified the diversity of Anopheles mosquitoes using morphological keys and PCR techniques. The resistance profile of Anopheles mosquitoes to permethrin was determined using the WHO standard insecticide bioassay. Results Six habitat types were identified among the 120 habitats sampled, with puddles being the most frequently occurring breeding site. Two members of the Anopheles gambiae family were identified as malaria vectors. High knockdown rates (KDT50 & KDT90) were observed in four rural and four urban LGAs in Ogun state and one urban LGA in Oyo state, indicating resistance to permethrin. In contrast, mosquitoes in Akinyele and Ibadan North LGAs were susceptible to permethrin, while those in Oyo East LGA exhibited reduced susceptibility. Conclusion These findings are crucial for understanding the dynamics of insecticide resistance in developing regions and can inform the development of specific targeted vector control strategies aimed at strengthening malaria control programs in Nigeria.