College of Leadership and Development Studies

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Author: search.filters.author.Daudu Basil Osayin

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    Sustainable Smart Cities in African Digital Space
    (Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning for Sustainable Development, 2024) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Anaiye Esther Besty
    Technology enhances the economic growth and development of a nation, and the 21st century is festooned with advanced technologies that make transactions and communication between government and its citizens, and between countries, easy. The use of technology, therefore, is a defining attribute of smart cities (Cairo, Algiers, Nairobi, Lagos, and Tunis, amongst others) across Africa. The technological impact of these cities has permeated the other aspects of life in the areas of e-government, e-education, e-commerce, e-communication, and eadvertisement, amongst others. With this, citizens also openly access data records and actively participate in public affairs. Despite the ample benefits of the use of technology, some citizens see technology as an avenue to carry out heinous cybercrimes such as fake news, internet fraud, and cyberbullying, amongst others. As such, our lead questions are: What impact do smart cities have on African digital space and the global economy? How best can the challenges confronting smart cities in Africa be dealt with? Where is the place of Africa in the 21st-century technological world? In this chapter, we adopt a qualitative method to bolster our argument that smart cities in Africa have progressed over the years and positively influenced African digital space and beyond. We also argue for generative artificial intelligence as an empowering tool in boosting smart cities in Africa and as a problem-solving tool for the likely challenges of smart governance of which African Luddite attitude towards technology is included.
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    Political Leadership and Humanitarian Crisis: The Aftermath of Rwanda Conflict and the Challenges of Democratic Sustainability in Africa
    (Journal of Somali Studies : Research on Somalia and the Greater Horn of African CountriesVol. 12, No. 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Udoh Oluwakemi D.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Odukoya Jonathan Adedayo; Chidozie Felix C.
    Political leadership and humanitarian crises have had a huge impact on the democratic sustainability of many African states since gaining independence from their colonial masters in the 1960s. Political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability are strongly interconnected as the quality of leadership during a crisis can either strengthen or weaken democratic systems. Good leadership prevents crisis, while bad leadership leads to anarchy, thereby endangering democratic principles and processes. The ideas of political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability unfold in the case of the Rwandan conflict and its aftermath, thereby making the country a case study for the rest of the world. This is well described using the Political Leadership theory in this study. The objectives of the study are to: (i) examine the Rwandan conflict/genocide and Rwanda’s political sphere between 1998 and 2022; (ii) interrogate the role of leadership in the recovery of Rwandans from the humanitarian crisis they faced; (iii) highlight the policies and structural changes made by the government of Rwanda, particularly the reconciliatory and peacebuilding mechanisms initiated in the aftermath of the Conflict; and (iv) examine how political leadership, humanitarian crises, and democratic sustainability have contributed to the current state of affairs in the continent of Africa. Thus, the study adopted a qualitative case study design to evaluate political leadership, humanitarian crises, and the challenges of democratic sustainability in the context of post-genocide Rwanda. The study revealed, among others, that Rwanda’s leadership overcame the humanitarian crisis via leadership quality, indicating that strong institutions, effective leadership, and the rule of law are key to sustaining democracy in African states.
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    Political Exclusion and the Quest for Self-Determination in Southeastern Nigeria
    (African RenaissanceVol. 22, No. 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Chidozie Felix C.
    The Igbo, one of Nigeria’s major ethnic groups have long experienced marginalisation and perceived exclusion from national political leadership. The research adopted the phenomenological research design with data collected from secondary sources via a systematic literature review. The data gathered were analysed, utilizing thematic analysis. Using the relative deprivation theory, this study explores the historical backdrop, socio-political dynamics, and key factors underlying the Igbo people’s perceived political exclusion. The study investigates the motivating factors driving the Igbo people’s quest for self-determination and digs into the techniques used by Igbo socio-political parties such as MASSOB (Movement for the Actualisation of the Sovereign State of Biafra) and IPOB (Indigenous People of Biafra) to achieve self-determination ranging from peaceful rallies to separatist movements. The study also looks at how the Nigerian government and other stakeholders responded to these demands. Among other things, the study revealed that ethnic sentiment is a problem in Nigeria, and adding to the growing literature on political exclusion and self-determination, the study provides a deeper knowledge of challenges faced by the Igbo and potential paths (nonviolence, dialogue and inclusivity) for addressing their concerns within the Nigerian political structure.
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    Human Trafficking and Personhood: Implications for Africans
    (Combating Human Trafficking, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin
    There are many activities people engage in as a means of livelihood, and one such activity is human trafficking, which has become a global concern to humanity as it manifests itself in varied forms such as forced labor, child trafficking, baby factories, prostitution, organ harvesting, and debt bondage, among others. Human traffickers take undue advantage of Africans due to the poor and pathetic state of most African nations. Human traffickers could be Africans or not, colluding with foreign individuals or organizations. Human trafficking, for pro-human traffickers, is a transnational lucrative business, while for anti-human traffickers, it is illegal. As such, our lead questions are: How justifiable are the conflicting viewpoints of pro-human and anti-human traffickers? How justifiable are the actions of human traffickers benefitting at the expense of human value (trafficked victim)? How best can the African government combat this age-long problem of human trafficking? Thus, adopting the analytic method, we argue for the dignity of the African person (Africanness) and endorse “contentment” and “alternative choice” as underlying principles for combating trafficking in human beings
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    Cyberbullying and Social Media
    (Combatting Cyberbullying in Digital Media with Artificial Intelligence, 2023) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Shuaibu Kennedy
    Through the use of Internet, the world has become a global village, connecting diverse people, cultures, and countries together. Technology has made remarkable and transformative changes in human lives and societies, boosting the economies of nations. However, some people have taken advantage of this to perpetuate cybercrimes, and one of such cybercrimes is cyberbullying (online abuse), which manifests itself in various forms such as pranking, impersonation, hacking, fake news, among others. The negative impacts of cyberbullying on African digital space and Africa at large are disheartening, and the possibility of dealing with this monstrous online crime in Africa has not yielded much positive results due to insufficient technological infrastructures, personnel, and knowledge. Cyberbullies use social media to enhance their nefarious activities, reaching out to their gullible victims with ease. As such, our lead questions are as follows: How is cyberbullying perpetuated in African digital space? What impact does cyberbullying have on Afrocentric society? How best can cyberbullying be dealt with in African digital space? In this chapter, we critically examine cyberbullying and social media in light of African digital space, the communication means adopted by cyberbullies and their implications for African digital space and Africa at large. We, therefore, argue for artificial intelligence knowledge production and application as a potential solution to combating cyberbullying in African digital space
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    Artificial Intelligence, Fintech, and Financial Inclusion in African Digital Space
    (FinTech and Financial Inclusion, 2025) Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Abubakar Abdulrasheed Toyin
    The importance of the economy of a nation cannot be over-emphasized, as its technological progress is largely dependent on economic stability. The adoption of 21st-century technology, especially in financial technology, has strengthened the economic sector consisting of artificial intelligence (AI) applications and innovations such as blockchain, virtual cards, mobile payments, smart contracts, and robotic processes. These AI innovations have reshaped commerce by greatly transforming financial transactions among businesses, consumers, and individuals. The African digital sphere is enriched with fintech-driven economic activities enabling financial inclusion, making products and services available and affordable to everyone. Notwithstanding, the presence of cybercriminal activities has become a serious threat to the growth of fintech and financial inclusion across Africa. With a qualitative approach, this chapter examines the extent of economic progress in the adoption of fintech and financial inclusion in Africa and their impact on the continent alongside pragmatic means of mitigating cyber threats. This chapter, therefore, positions AI as a facilitator and problem-solving tool in advancing fintech and financial inclusion within the African digital sphere.
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    Nigerianness and Misrepresentations of Names and Signatures: Should the Colonized adopt the English-Language Naming Conventions?
    (ISVS e-journal, Vol. 10, Issue 11, 2023-11) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin; Awogu-Maduagwu Edith Abisola
    History has it that the British once colonized Nigeria, South Africa, and India amongst others. South Africa and India, to a very great extent, have standardized their naming system while Nigeria is yet to standardize its naming system even though it is a common practice for Nigerians to start with their surnames or last names. Name arrangement and misrepresentations have become a problem for most Nigerians and this has escalated to a national problem. The work, therefore, adopts the quantitative method of investigation using questionnaires and interviews as instruments for data collection to get first-hand information from judicial workers and non-judicial workers alike. The responses ewceived from the respondents were further descriptively analyzed to ascertain the truth of their assertions. From the investigation carried out, the findings show that lack of consciousness and proper education, among other things, are largely responsible for name and signature misrepresentations in Nigeria. It is, therefore, recommend that the Nigerian government and principal stakeholders of the various organizations should organize sensitization programmes often. However, most importantly, Nigeria needs to standardize its naming system for proper placement and recognition in the world.
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    Social Interactions and Relationships: Covid-19 Pandemic and the Emergence of the New Normal During the Lockdown in Universities in Nigeria
    (ISVS e-journal, Vol. 10, Issue 12, 2023-12) Awogu-Maduagwu Edith Abisola; Daudu Basil Osayin; Osimen Goddy U.; Adetunji Adelokun
    It is well known that as a reaction to the pandemic, governments initiated restrictions of movements and imposed a lockdown within every home in the world as a necessary step towards controlling the infection rate. This action of separation of people from one another, known as social distancing has had far-reaching repercussions for the social life of Nigerians as it was regarded as a strange intrusion into social interactions and relationships. This research examines students' feelings on the forced distancing measures and online/offline relationships under the lockdown. It generates data from questionnaires. Simple percentage was used to analyse the data while Pearson Chi-Square was used to test a hypothesis. The study revealed that a majority of the students (60.7%) were not satisfied with the lockdown while some of them (47.7%) were not satisfied with the online relationships. However, the absolute majority of respondents (80.1%) considered online relationships the best form of social interactions. The results show that COVID-19 lockdown is not a significant predictor of online relationship satisfaction.
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    Reconstructing culture and building societal values in the global era: The imperative of mother-tongue in elementary schools curriculum in Africa
    (Research Journal in Advanced Humanities Volume 6, Issue 1, 2025) Osimen Goddy U.; Ehibor Oremire Judith; Daudu Basil Osayin; Alofun Grace Olufolake
    Every tribe has a unique culture of which language is a distinctive feature. The relationship between language and culture is fundamental, as a native language provides access to understanding a community’s way of life. Language is a key connector for people, regardless of status or background, and an essential part of cultural identity. In Africa, indigenous languages, or mother tongues, play a crucial role in preserving culture, fostering social engagement, upholding societal values, and promoting national unity. However, colonial influence has led to the adoption of foreign languages like English and French as official languages in many African countries, overshadowing native languages. This shift has caused African youths, particularly in Anglophone and Francophone countries, to lose interest in their native languages, preferring foreign languages and Western lifestyles instead. This trend is exacerbated in schools, where English or French is the primary mode of communication. Adopting a critical analysis, the paper laid much emphasis on reconstructing culture and building societal values in the global era. Findings reveal that language and culture are correlated, and the African continent is faced with the problem of code-switching or mixing of languages. The paper, therefore, advocates for the inclusion of mother tongues in elementary school curricula to address the decline in interest in native languages and the rising issue of code-switching or mixing of languages.
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    Armed Banditry and Mass School Abductions in Northern Nigeria: Implications for National Security
    (Canadian Social Science Vol. 18, No. 4, 2022) Osimen Goddy U.; Daudu Basil Osayin
    Security threats in Nigeria, due to activities of armed bandits/extremist such as kidnapping school children for ransom is one of the major prevalent insecurity issues that threaten to collapse government structures in the country. Nigeria is currently groaning under the yoke of the jihadist/Islamic movement, secessionist’s movement and all manners of criminalities. The recent spate of abductions and mass kidnapping of school children represents one of the existential threats to the future of education in northern Nigeria. The problems have provoked serious concerns across the nation, has called for urgent and holistic resolution. It has continued to be precarious, volatile and highly unpredictable, therefore creating untold fear on the people in the region; exacerbate the close down of many schools, food crisis situation, sexual molestation/slavery, and increasing wave of Internally Displaced Persons. Government’s response to the challenges has generally been ineffectual, uncoordinated and poorly executed. This paper, therefore, examines the mainstream of armed banditry, hostage taking/kidnapping in northern schools and their security threats to Nigeria. This paper anchored on “Failed state theory” and data were sourced through secondary means and analyzed qualitatively. The paper revealed that lack of education, mass illiteracy and lack of employment opportunities are among the root causes of the criminalities, banditry, and terrorism in northern Nigeria. Hence, government cannot be passive about this security challenge. It is obviously clear that government has failed in her duty to provide basic needs and has also failed to defend and protect her people. Therefore, government should address the root causes of insecurity in the northern Nigeria including overhauling the security architecture system among other policies geared towards eliminating structural imbalance in the region.