College of Leadership and Development Studies

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Start date: 2013End date: 2019

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    Causes and Implications of Religious Conflicts in Nigeria’s Political System
    (International Journal of Finance and Management in Practice, Vol. 5, No. 1, 2017-06) Uwadi, M. E.; Ezebuilo Paul Chibuike; Nwaonu, K. C
    The aim of this work is to identify the causes and implications of religious conflicts in Nigeria’s political system as well as proffer strategies to avoid future occurrence. This study adopts the survey research design. The population of the study comprises all Christians and Moslems living in Zaria, Kaduna State in Nigeria. Personal observations and questionnaire were the major means of data collection. Out of the 65 copies of questionnaire engaged in the study, only 56 copies were retrieved and used for the analysis. To achieve the aim of the study, two research hypotheses were formulated. While data collected for the study were presented on tables and responses taking the form of a five point likert scale, the hypotheses were tested using one way analysis of variance. Major findings of the study reveal that the causes of religious conflicts in Nigeria include failure to move with change, conflicting doctrines, methods of conversion, utterances of religious leaders, and clothing of political objectives with religion, among others. The implications of religious conflict as reveal by the study include creation of mistrust among federating units, low productivity, job insecurity, migration, over population. Based on the foregoing, it is proposed that the issue of religious conflicting doctrines should be addressed by religious bodies who should meet on regular bases. Also, government should respond quickly to curtail conflicts and should not ignore any act that might cause conflict
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    Herdsmen and Farmers Conflict in Nigeria: A Threat to Peace-building and National Security in West Africa
    (Journal of Social Science and Humanit ies Research, 2019) Osimen Goddy U.; Edokpa Fadal Mary; Oluwatobi Daramola I.
    One of the recurrent security challenges that confront many states in the country is the scourge of Fulani herdsmen. The attacks by the herdsmen on the sedentary communities have being increasing with each passing day. Much has been written on farmers and Fulani herdsmen conflict in Nigeria. The menace posed in the different communities they migrate to for purposes of grazing their cattle is becoming very alarming. They are more and more constituting major security challenges to their host communities. The propensity towards engaging the land and farm owners of the sites they graze their cattle is increasing by the day as they update their arsenal with highly sophisticated weapons. This is the prevalent security challenge in some communities and states in Nigeria. There have been escalations of reported attacks by Fulani herdsmen who brutally kill natives of the invaded farming communities including women and children in various states across the country. Worst affected states include Benue, Nassarawa, Plateau, Taraba, Kaduna, Adamawa, Zamfara, Oyo, Imo, Cross-River and Enugu. There are recurrent clashes of interests between the host farming communities and the nomadic cattle herders. The major causes by our findings revealed that; Destruction of crops by the cattle, Contamination of stream by cattle, disregard for traditional authority, Over-grazing of fallow land, sexual harassment of women by nomads, Harassment of nomads by host youths, Indiscriminate defecation on roads, theft of cattle , stray cattle, and indiscriminate bush burning. The study also observed that there is no resource sustainability in Nigeria hence; it is difficult for the majority of its citizens who require land for farming and grazing to have access to land. And this is one of the major causes of conflict between the parties. The paper therefore, recommended that the problem can be minimized through extension agency intervention to identify stakeholders and development trust between the disputants using the mechanism tagged ―local development plans (LDP) which is community initiated process to reduce tension over access and the use of land and effective participation in decision-making and economic activities in the communities and among others.
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    Sustainability of Existing Cultures, Entertainment and Identity; for National Unity in A Small World
    (Research on Humanities and Social Sciences Vol.9, No.18, 2019) Edokpa Fadal Mary; Omosun Marvins Kennedy; Osimen Goddy U.
    The recognition of entertainment could be traced down to the peoples’ way of life. It constitutes their cultural arts in satisfying human values which are reflection of the ethnical and cultural identity. This paper explains the significance of sustaining entertainment for the endowed cultures and identity in Africa for national unity. The essence of this is that ethnicity is identity which has other elements that make up cultural values. This paper concisely describes and explains the importance of enhancing popular ethics and entertainment of music and cultural arts. It is aimed at showing how entertainment can build the nation’s unity by way of sustaining a popular sense of identity and recognition in terms of interest and values. It becomes imperative for any nation to take cognizance of its entertainment with a view to managing it for national unity and identification of cultures. It means that the contributions of the aesthetics of entertainment differ from nation to nation when trans-valued or compared with others. Thus, when popular entertainment meets the taste of its people’s origin and beyond, it contributes to a nation’s unity in diversity because the people of its origin are part of the nation whose culture encapsulate entertainment identity. It is our finding that recognition of popular entertainment and ethnic identity leads to peace and unity. This is however geared towards achieving a universal unity for peace and development through objective approach against subjective approach which has always been the trend. This paper utilizesecondary source of data.
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    The Role of Multinational Oil Companies (MNOCs) and Militancy in Niger Delta
    (SSRG International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Volume 5 Issue 4 2018, 2018) Oyewole Oyindamola O.; Osimen Goddy U.; Akinwunmi Adeboye
    The discovery and exploration of oil in Nigeria seems to have come with good tidings and hope for a better development but today the reverse is the case. Oil has brought agony and insecurity in the country, particularly the oil communities of the Niger Delta region. The high level of marginalization and negligence on the part of the government, the elite and the MNOCs has resulted in militancy, which has consequently inflicted the economic growth of Nigeria. Resource curse is used to examine how the perceive petro dollar turns out to bring curse on the country. Despite different response by the government to address the unrest in the oil rich Niger Delta,yet the insurgency persist. This has been attributed to a commandist and lack of proper consultation with people of the region. This paper therefore, calls for a meaningfulcorroboration between the major actors in the exploration of oil and the people in order to have lasting solution to the prevailing problem and as a consequence a meaningful ataraxia.
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    The Socio-Economic Effects of Human Trafficking in Nigeria
    (Journal of Social Science and Humanities Research Volume-3 | Issue-8 2018, 2018) Osimen Goddy U.; Okor Pedro; Daudu Basil Osayin; Adeniran Tolulope Abayomi
    Human trafficking is globally recognised as modern day slavery with multifarious negative socioeconomic, legal and health implications. Besides drug trafficking and gun running, human trafficking has become a lucrative business globally and yields an estimate of US $32 million annually. Traffickers trade on human lives; subject them to gory and traumatic experiences in order to make profits. Human trafficking is therefore the worst form of human right violations and gender based violence against female who constitute majority of the victims in the country. Regrettably, Nigeria occupies the ignoble position of a source, transit and destination country for trafficking in the recent times, the scourge has assumed complex dimensions, become more elusive, shrouded in secrecy and with the attendant consequences and implication on the lives in the country. Data from the National Agency for the Prohibition of Traffic in Persons (NAPTIP) shows that seventy eight percent of victims of human trafficking in Nigeria fall within the age range of 8 – 27 years, children within this age bracket are naturally of school going age. Victims of trafficking miss educational opportunities needed for today’s globalised world. This paper was based on the dynamics of human trafficking in Nigeria, some emerging trends in trafficking, the socio-economic implications, government’s strategies in curbing the menace and possible adoption as good practice.
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    POLITICAL PARTICIPATION AND GENDER INEQUALITY IN NIGERIAN FOURTH REPUBLIC
    (Global Journal of Political Science and Administration Vol.6, No.5 2018, 2018-10) Osimen Goddy U.; Anegbode E. John; Daudu Basil Osayin; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
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    Youth Unemployment and Insecurity: Impediment of Nation- Building in Nigeria
    (Research on Humanities and Social Sciences Vol.6, No.12, 2016, 2016) Osimen Goddy U.; Chuke Patrick I.; Micah Ezekiel Elton
    Nigeria’s population is estimated to be about two hundred million, out of which the youth population, (15 -35 years of age) is said to be 75%.. According to a recent World Bank statistics, youth unemployment rate is 38 per cent, but even this figure is considered conservative. It is estimated that about 60% of Nigeria’s youth population is either unemployed or underemployed, a situation that poses great danger to the Nigeria Society in terms of crimes and assorted social vices. This generation of young people faces the dual crisis of unemployment and insecurity. Such a large population of unemployed, unengaged, angry, sullen, unproductive youths in any society will constitute a menace and security risk because their lives appear hopeless and yet they are full of youthful energy. Recent studies suggest that unemployment rate in Nigeria has taken a shocking increase from 14 per cent in 2012 to 38 per cent in 2015. It also revealed that unemployment rate is undoubtedly contributed to the high wave of insecurity in the country. As a matter of fact, Nigeria has never had it so bad, for over five years now, in terms of insecurity and criminality. More worrisome is the fact that criminality and terrorism, which have further crippled the economic development of the country, are perpetrated by young people. Hence, this paper examines this phenomenon and calls for a comprehensive multi-dimensional plan of action to combat youth employment before its associated consequences become unmanageable and consume the Nigerian Society. It examines the issue of unemployment and juxtaposes this along side the broader issue of national security. It examines present problems of youth unemployment and insecurity in Nigeria, its causes, social and economic implications, and possible solutions. The paper asserts that youths should be properly trained to possess skills which are congruent with real labour market demands, which will invariably, create employment opportunities, that would make the youth become productive assets and take their place in mainstream societal development the society offer the best of their skills and talents rather than getting themselves involved in criminality.
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    The Political Economy of the Postponement of Nigeria’s 2015 General Elections: Effects, Implications and Lessons
    (Developing Country Studies Vol.5, No.16, 2015, 2015) Abayomi Muftau Adesina; Osimen Goddy U.
    The credibility of Nigeria’s previous elections had been doubted, though the situation has been improving lately. This research article examines the effects and implications of Nigeria’s postponement of the 2015 general elections. An attempt is also made to identify and discuss the lessons learned from the shift in elections. The effects of elections postponement identified in the study include: protracted grounding of governance; nosedived economic activities; increased unemployment; negative effects on social and cultural activities; and heightened political tension; although it afforded the INEC a good opportunity to improve upon its preparations. Implications examined include erosion of the integrity of Nigerian Government; perception of the INEC as managing elections’ programme poorly; and reduction in future aids. The paper pinpointed some of the lessons learned from the elections’ postponement as: the need for timely provision of funds; professional management of elections; use of contingency and change management plans; and proper documentation of lessons learned. Finally, the research recommends the use of lessons learned as springboard for strengthening democracy in Nigeria.
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    The Impact of Language in Conflict Management and Peace Building
    (American International Journal of Research in Humanities, Arts and Social Sciences, 2015) Osimen Goddy U.; Aniga Ugo Samuel; Bateye Omonike Rashidat
    Conflict is inevitable and part of the society. A conflict can be encountered in the home, between a husband and his wife, between parents and their children. Conflicts can also be between friends, colleagues, a teacher and his students, and even between religious leaders, politicians, traders, just mention it. Conflict is not entirely negative. The society needs conflict to advance as conflicts enable people know their rights, duties and short comings. The manner a conflict is handled is very important. Language at this juncture, plays an indispensable role in managing conflicts on one hand, and on the other hand, escalating a conflict. In other words, the paper explores language as an instrument capable of deescalating or escalating a conflict.
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    The Borderless-Border and Internal Security Challenges in Nigeria
    (International Journal of Political Science Volume 3, Issue 3, 2017, 2017) Osimen Goddy U.; Anegbode E. John; Akande Clement. A,; Oyewole Oyindamola O.
    The international border between Nigeria and her neighboring countries is roughly 4745sq.km. The major border countries with Nigeria are Cameroon (1,690 kilometers) in the east, Niger (1,497 kilometers) in the north, Benin (773 kilometers) in the west, and Chad (87 kilometers) in the north-east. Nigeria also shares maritime boundaries with Equatorial Guinea and Sao Tome and Principle. The current border corresponds to the inter-colonial border between British and French territories that was set up in 1889. Due to the fact that between these countries hardly any natural boundaries exist, in some parts its exact demarcation remains unclear. The border region includes a large surface of lagoon- and marshlands in the Ouémé valley, which have traditionally been used as transport and trade routes and which are very difficult to control and monitor by migration and customs authorities. This coupled with the challenges facing African states to manage their borders are compounded by globalization that is tearing down traditional borders through advancement in technology and transformation of international relations. At the moment crimes are committed without crossing borders and huge amounts of goods are sold through cyberspace. The problem of security as a result of these borderless-borders in Nigeria has become one of the most intractable challenges facing the country today. In recent time, the security challenges in Nigeria and its border crime are alarming, especially, the activities of the terrorist group known as ‘’Boko Haram’’ in which lives and property are no longer secure. There are many speculations that the groups may have found their way through our porous borders. Therefore, the study probes into the nature of Nigeria borders using analytical framework of assessment in the emerging trans-border crimes, the causes and sources of insecurity of lives and property in Nigeria. The paper then revealed that the major criminal activities in Nigeria borders are smuggling of contraband goods and illegal immigrants, trafficking in weapons and human parts, drug trafficking, vehicle crime, trafficking of illegally exploited natural resources, including the illicit trade in timber, oil and diamond among others. The paper then suggests that much of the conventional wisdom regarding how best to address Nigeria border crime and security is not only enacting a law but also creating proper national security awareness, involvement of new stakeholders in the security sector and strong institutional framework to checkmate the activities of trans- border crime.