Programme: English
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Item CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN ENGLISH AND HAUSA: A STUDY OF PSALM 91(Covenant University, Ota, 2026-08) ACHI, SALOME HOSEA; Covenant University, DissertationMorphology, being the study of word structure and formation, plays a central role in understanding how languages encode grammatical and lexical meaning. To this end, meaning exist at various levels of language stud (Edet, 2021; Korochkina & Rastle, 2025). However, significant typological differences exist between English, a largely analytic language, and Hausa, a synthetic and morphologically rich language. These differences become particularly evident in translated religious texts, where equivalent meanings are expressed through structurally divergent morphological systems. This study therefore investigated the contrastive morphological processes in English and Hausa languages using Psalm 91 as a parallel corpus. The aim of this study was to conduct a contrastive analysis of morphological processes in Psalm 91 using King James English and Littafi Mai Sarki Hausa versions through the theoretical framework of Item-and-Arrangement (henceforth IA) and Word-and-Paradigm (henceforth WP) theories to account for the observed linguistic patterns. The specific objectives were to: identify and analyse morphological processes in the English version of Psalm 91; examine morphological structures in the Hausa translation of Psalm 91; compare the morphological systems of both languages; apply Word and Paradigm Theory in analysing morphological patterns; utilise Item-and-Arrangement Theory for morphemic segmentation. As such, the study employed a qualitative descriptive research design and purposive sampling to select Psalm 91 as a parallel bilingual text. Data were collected through systematic extraction of lexical items and analysed using morphological segmentation and contrastive comparison. Findings revealed that English morphology is predominantly analytic, with limited inflection and productive derivation, while Hausa exhibits a richer, more systematic morphological structure characterised by extensive affixation, possessive marking, and paradigmatic verb systems. The study further showed that Item-and-Arrangement Theory is more suitable for English morphological segmentation, whereas Word-and-Paradigm Theory gave a better explanation of Hausa morphological relationships. The study contributes to the domain of morphology by clarifying English–Hausa morphological distinctions in the Biblical text. It also validates the complementary application of IA and WP theories, and informs linguistic analysis, translation, and language pedagogy.Item CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF MORPHOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN ENGLISH AND HAUSA: A STUDY OF PSALM 91(Covenant University, Ota, 2026-06) ACHI,SALOME HOSEA; covenant universityMorphology, being the study of word structure and formation, plays a central role in understanding how languages encode grammatical and lexical meaning. To this end, meaning exist at various levels of language stud (Edet, 2021; Korochkina & Rastle, 2025). However, significant typological differences exist between English, a largely analytic language, and Hausa, a synthetic and morphologically rich language. These differences become particularly evident in translated religious texts, where equivalent meanings are expressed through structurally divergent morphological systems. This study therefore investigated the contrastive morphological processes in English and Hausa languages using Psalm 91 as a parallel corpus. The aim of this study was to conduct a contrastive analysis of morphological processes in Psalm 91 using King James English and Littafi Mai Sarki Hausa versions through the theoretical framework of Item-and-Arrangement (henceforth IA) and Word-and-Paradigm (henceforth WP) theories to account for the observed linguistic patterns. The specific objectives were to: identify and analyse morphological processes in the English version of Psalm 91; examine morphological structures in the Hausa translation of Psalm 91; compare the morphological systems of both languages; apply Word and Paradigm Theory in analysing morphological patterns; utilise Item-and-Arrangement Theory for morphemic segmentation. As such, the study employed a qualitative descriptive research design and purposive sampling to select Psalm 91 as a parallel bilingual text. Data were collected through systematic extraction of lexical items and analysed using morphological segmentation and contrastive comparison. Findings revealed that English morphology is predominantly analytic, with limited inflection and productive derivation, while Hausa exhibits a richer, more systematic morphological structure characterised by extensive affixation, possessive marking, and paradigmatic verb systems. The study further showed that Item-and-Arrangement Theory is more suitable for English morphological segmentation, whereas Word-and-Paradigm Theory gave a better explanation of Hausa morphological relationships. The study contributes to the domain of morphology by clarifying English–Hausa morphological distinctions in the Biblical text. It also validates the complementary application of IA and WP theories, and informs linguistic analysis, translation, and language pedagogy.Item A PRAGMA-SEMIOTIC ANALYSIS OF POLITICAL MEMES OF THE 2023 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION IN NIGERIA(Covenant University, Ota, 2026-08) ADEWUMI, Adetola Theresa; Covenant University, DissertationIn modern online discourse, memes have emerged as a strategic tool for expressing and conveying opinions and ideologies on political, economic and socio-cultural events. They have been evidently important in shaping perception of the voting public in Nigeria especially during electoral processes. On this premise, this study examines political memes shared on social media platforms in Nigeria during the 2023 presidential election, as well as analyse their linguistic and visual components. The research seeks to identify pragmatic act and semiotic resources to realise varying interpretations embedded in the memes. The problem addressed is the need to understand how political memes are conveyed online through multimodal resources and the significance of the study lies in its contribution to pragma-semiotics and online political discourse. Using a qualitative method, twenty (20) memes sourced from different social media platforms like Facebook, X, Instagram, YouTube and blogspots, were analysed using Mey’s (2001) Pragmatic Act and Kress and van Leuween (2006) Visual Design Grammar theories as framework for the analysis. Findings reveals that meme authors employ contextual variables such as strong criticism, persuasion, comparisons, etc. enhanced by pragmemes like shared situational knowledge, reference and metaphor to create memes aimed at lampooning electoral systems. The study further displays the deployment of semiotic designs categories under representational, interactive and compositional modes to evaluate symbolisms, framing, salience, social distancing, colour, mood as tools for visual interpretations. Results also indicate strong influence of political ideologies, age differences, political and economic instability and previous records of manipulations in the electoral system as motivating factors for the creation of this memes. Overall, ideological views though subjective, are portrayed through the political memes as tools to creating awareness against underlying illegitimate practices in the Nigerian electoral system.Item DIGITAL INNOVATION ON MARKET EXPANSION IN THE FINANCIAL SECTOR: A STUDY OF FINTECH END-USERS IN LAGOS STATE, NIGERIA(Covenant University, Ota, 2026-06) OWOLOYE, BRIGHT ODUNAYO; Covenant University, DissertationThis study investigated the impact of digital innovation on market expansion in the financial sector, focusing on Fintech end-users in Lagos State, Nigeria. Despite the rapid growth of fintech services in Nigeria, fintech end-users still face challenges relating to financial exclusion, fraud risk, high transaction costs, limited transparency, and transaction inefficiency. Guided by the Technology Acceptance Model and Diffusion of Innovation Theory, the study examines how customer digital engagement, regulatory technology use, blockchain technology adoption, AI and automation implementation, and real-time payment infrastructure improve financial inclusion, fraud detection, cost reduction, transparency, and operational efficiency among fintech end-users in Lagos State. Four hundred (400) copies of a structured questionnaire were shared electronically to fintech end-users in Lagos State, including active customers, merchants, and agents of OPay, Moniepoint, Internopay, and related platforms. 384 valid responses were received and analysed with Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling using SmartPLS. The major findings of this study revealed that five dimensions of digital innovation (customer digital engagement, RegTech acceptance, blockchain adoption, AI and automation adoption, and real-time payment infrastructure) positively and significantly affect indicators of financial market expansion (fraud detection, cost reduction, transparency, and operational efficiency) in the Fintech sector. The study concluded that investing in user-centred platforms such as automated compliance, blockchain-enabled verification, explainable AI, and resilient instant-payment rails drives financial market expansion and results in operational efficiency of the Fintech firms; hence, the study recommended that Fintech firms should invest more in automated fraud monitoring systems, identity verification tools, and anti-money laundering technologies to enhance fraud detection and improve users’ trust in digital financial platform.Item Global Education and Language: Proposing a Universal Variety of English as Medium of Instruction(Global Partners in Education Journal – Special Edition Vol. 5, No. 2, 2015) Chimuanya; Eyisi, Joy; Idaraobong, Joshua; Omunagbe, Dorcas; Ojo, Kanyisola; Demurin, DeborahGlobal Education begins with raising an awareness of global challenges, creating an in-depth understanding of what the challenges entail with the goal of changing people’s thoughts and attitudes, encouraging them to live out their lives to the fullest and play their special parts effectively. To this end, in order to enhance these goals, communication is crucial especially being that it entails making use of an acceptable and intelligible language variety. How can Global Education attain its goals if it does not begin to prescribe and describe for itself, a Global variety of the English language developed just for instructional purpose in the delivery of Global Education? This paper therefore proposes a move towards the prescription and description of a mutually intelligible variety of the English language, to be used just for Global Education. This proposal is born out of our experience during our first collaboration with three other Universities in taking the course ‘Global English Varieties’. One of the major challenges that impeded our flow was the variety barrier. This paper will also ascertain the percentage of Covenant University students confronted with this same challenge by the use of questionnaire. A hundred questionnaires was distributed and analyzed.Item Going superstitious and blaming the invisible “other”: a linguistic appraisal of social media posts on “village people”(Languages and Cultures, Vol. 58, 2024) Igwebuike, Ebuka Elias; Chimuanya, Lily; Egwu, Anya UdeIn this study, we explore how superstitions and blame are weaved in the linguistic con structions and representations of “village people”, the infamous mystic villains. Using Cultural Discourse Analysis (CuDA), we examine selected social media tweets and posts in which netizens deployed a mix of linguistic humour, the traditional African belief sys tem, and quasi-religious sensibilities to project the irrational belief in supernatural infl u ences of village people. We show how discursive conceptualisations such as evilifi ca tion, enemifi cation, remote controlling and monitoring are used superstitiously to blame the imaginary “village people” for individual and personal adversities of the unfortunates. This article underscores how peculiar Nigerian socio-religiosity and shared socio-cultural background shape the instantiations of fear and the institution of potency of vicious su pernatural powers.Item Communicating Religious Extremism in West Africa(2020) Chiluwa, Innocent; Chimuanya, Lily; Ajiboye, EstherWhereas modern communication strategies have been celebrated for promoting ease of interaction, this chapter highlights that they have been deployed by some terrorist groups in Africa to threaten human security. It defines religious extremism in terms of the expression of extreme or violent actions or jihad on the basis of particular interpretations or understanding of religious teaching or scripture, especially the Quran. The chapter examines the (online) communication behaviours of extremists/terrorist groups in West Africa and Somalia that are often associated with Islam. It also examines religious extremism and its relation to violent conflict and describes the extremist violent activities of some identified African terrorist groups, and how contemporary media and the Internet have provided dynamic platforms for disseminating their message and ideology. Liebman views religious extremism as the desire to expand the scope, details and strictness of religious law, social isolation and the rejection of the surrounding culture.Item PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATIONS OF THE USE OF ENGLISH IN NIGERIA(Proceedings of EDULEARN20 Conference, 2020) Chimuanya, Lily; Awonuga, ChristopherThe acquisition and use of the English language have become a key factor in national development and individual intelligibility. Furthermore, English as a second language has long been institutionalised in Nigeria as one of the aftermaths of British colonial administration. Both realities call for reassessing how the language is taught and learned in the classroom. By contact, three varieties of English – British, American and Nigerian Englishes - are operational in Nigeria with their differences most noticeable at the phonological and lexical levels of linguistic description. This linguist situation comes with the pedagogical implications of which variety to teach in our educational system. Or is it a combination of the three? In the past we used to insist on British English but this position is no longer realistic in view of the fact that educated Nigerians make use of varieties freely without knowing which variety they are using. Thus, the situation we have now is that of a pedagogical nightmare, as teachers and examination bodies are confused as to what to accept as correct and acceptable usage. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to review existing English language texts and describe an eclectic task-based second language learning methodology that would incorporate online corpora; online CPD (Continuous Professional Development) and the global staffroom as well as critical thinking skills in learning the three existing varieties of English at the secondary level of education. This involves examining three major English language textbooks, each for Basic 7 and Basic 10; the beginners’ levels for both junior and senior secondary school and show how the vocabulary and phonology sections can integrate the three existing varieties. Our proposed method shows that for a heterogeneous environment like Nigeria where linguists are still grappling with establishing a standard Nigerian English variety, and with the need to have a global perspective in mind while responding to learners’ needs, it is imperative to concurrently expose students to all three varieties. This approach also guides examination bodies on prevalent acceptable usage and allow learners understand the distinctions across varieties.Item Hashtag activism: Analysing linking discourse markers in #ArewaMeToo conversations on X platform(Masyarakat, Kebudayaan dan Politik, 2025) Chimuanya, Lily; Uduak-Abasi, UyahHashtag activism has emerged as a powerful tool for online advocacy, enabling marginalized individuals to gain visibility and foster collective action. In the absence of physical cues, users rely on linguistic elements to express engagement and support through linking discourse markers. Therefore, the subject of this study focuses on how connecting discourse markers are used in the #ArewaMeToo online conversation to express stance and inclusivity, on sexual violence. The study also explores how discourse markers function as substitutes for physical conversational cues in online activism. The study was conducted in 2024 using a qualitative method. Data were purposively selected from #ArewaMeToo conversations on X platform in Nigeria and grouped through discourse analysis. The database was collected from 300 tweets, with 63 tweets selected for analysis and reproduced in this study as representative examples. The findings of the study revealed that the discourse markers employed in the #ArewaMeToo movement such as cohesive devices, punctuation and capitalization have emerged as crucial tools for conveying engagement, support, emotional intensity and reinforcing advocacy. The study concludes that linking discourse markers substitute for vocal differences and serve as linguistic resources that signal solidarity, emotion, and resistance in the fight against sexual violenceItem Indirect Speech Act Strategies in Nigerian Online Marketing Discourse on Beauty Products(Journal of English Scholars’ Association of Nigeria, 2025) Chimuanya, Lily; Oladapo, Toyosi Tosin; Owoeye, Samuel T.; Tagbo, ChikaMarketing communication is shaped in part by the perception of what consumers need and value as well as by their interests, preferences, and demographic data. Marketers generally attempt to segment their target market when choosing an audience so that they could modify the message's content and the distribution method to reach a specific audience. This study examines the discourse strategies employed by beauty product marketers on social media, with particular emphasis on the Indirect Speech Acts (ISAs). A total of 200 data set comprising 100 from Facebook and 100 from Instagram are analysed drawing on insights from John Searle’s (1979) taxonomy. The findings show the recurrent use of representative, directive, commissive, expressive, inquire, and integrative acts, with declarative, imperative, and interrogative having the highest frequency. However, Integrative speech acts exhibit the highest frequency across all brands, as they frequently engage followers by referring to them as if they were part of a family unit, indirectly urging them to take specific actions. Furthermore, many of the speech acts display similar sentence structures but have different intentions or functions, primarily serving as indirect speech acts. The study concludes that the indirect speech acts are persuasive in nature, aimed to compel potential clients and boost sales.