Oxidative stress biomarkers in Clarias gariepinus (Burchel, 1822) exposed to Microcystin-LR
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Elsevier
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Stress levels inflicted by microcystin-LR extracted from Microcystis aeruginosa were assessed by estimating
the effects on the oxidative stress biomarkers in the liver, muscle and gill tissues of Clarias gariepinus.
Microcystin-LR was administered to the fish by injection into their intra-peritoneal cavity. Microcystin-
LR induced the activities of mainly Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST), Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase
(SOD) in the liver on dose and temporal basis, while it inhibited the activities of Cytochrome P450
on temporal basis in the liver and gill. Results show that MC-LR significantly induced oxidative stress in
the C. gariepinus. Findings show that 400 lg MC-LR/kg b.w. disrupted the antioxidant status of the fish
without any external physical manifestation on the body. Microcystin-LR induced the activities of mainly
GST, CAT and SOD in the liver on dose and temporal basis while it inhibited the activities of CYP450 on
temporal basis in the liver and gill. The adopted MC-LR doses; particularly 400 lgMC-LR/kg b.w. inflicted
stress on the fish without any external/physical manifestation. MC-LR impacted on the antioxidant
enzymes in the fish; in the order of liver > gill > muscle. This research has provided empirical evidences
that 400 lg MC-LR/kg b.w induced oxidative stress in C. gariepinus in less than a month of exposure.
This adopted level of MC-LR can be used as a warning signal in natural water bodies and commercial
C. gariepinus ponds.
Keywords
QH Natural history, QH301 Biology, QR Microbiology